Off-shell effects in the electromagnetic production of strangeness

TLDR: In this paper, the photo-and electro-production of strangeness off the proton, based upon effective hadronic Lagrangians, are extended to incorporate the so called off-shell effects inherent to the fermions with spin >= 3/2.

Abstract: Previous approaches to the photo- and electro-production of strangeness off the proton, based upon effective hadronic Lagrangians, are extended here to incorporate the so called off-shell effects inherent to the fermions with spin >= 3/2. A formalism for intermediate-state, spin 3/2, nucleonic and hyperonic resonances is presented and applied to the processes $\gamma + p ---> K^{+} + \Lambda$, for $E_{\gamma}^{lab}$ e' + K^+ + \Lambda$, as well as the branching ratio for the crossed channel reaction $K^- + p ---> \gamma + \Lambda$, with stopped kaons. The sensitivity, from moderate to significant, of various observables to such effects are discussed.