Book ChapterDOI
On Z-numbers and the Machine-Mind for Natural Language Comprehension
Romi Banerjee,Sankar K. Pal +1 more
- pp 415-457
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TLDR
The extension of Zadeh's basic Z-numbers into a tool for level-2 Computing With Words (CWW) and consequently subjective natural language understanding and the design of a, Minsky’s Society of Mind based, natural language comprehending machine-mind architecture are described.Abstract:
This article is centred on two themes. The first is the extension of Zadeh’s basic Z-numbers into a tool for level-2 Computing With Words (CWW) and consequently subjective natural language understanding. We describe an algorithm and new operators (leading to complex or spectral Z-numbers), use them to simulate differential diagnosis, and highlight the inherent strengths and challenges of the Z-numbers. The second theme deals with the design of a, Minsky’s Society of Mind based, natural language comprehending machine-mind architecture. We enumerate its macro-components (function modules and memory units) and illustrate its working mechanism through simulation of metaphor understanding; validating system outputs against human-comprehension responses. The framework uses the aforementioned new Z-number paradigm to precisiate knowledge-frames. The completeness of the conceptualized architecture is analyzed through its coverage of mind-layers (Minsky) and cerebral cortex regions. The research described here draws from multiple disciplines and seeks to contribute to the cognitive-systems design initiatives for man-machine symbiosis.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Method Based on Distance Measure and Choquet Integral for Linguistic Z-Numbers
TL;DR: An extended TODIM method based on the Choquet integral for multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problems with linguistic Z-numbers is developed, which is a more comprehensive reflection of the decision-makers’ cognition but also is more in line with expression habits.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Multicriteria Group Decision-Making Method Based on the Normal Cloud Model With Zadeh's Z -Numbers
Hong-Gang Peng,Jian-qiang Wang +1 more
TL;DR: An innovative method for addressing multicriteria group decision-making (MCGDM) problems with Z-numbers under the condition that the weight information is completely unknown is developed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hesitant Uncertain Linguistic Z-Numbers and Their Application in Multi-criteria Group Decision-Making Problems
Hong-gang Peng,Jian-qiang Wang +1 more
TL;DR: This paper focuses on the development of an innovative method to address multi-criteria group decision-making (MCGDM) problems in which the weight information is incompletely known.
Journal ArticleDOI
SMAA-based model for decision aiding using regret theory in discrete Z-number context
Yu Yang,Jian-qiang Wang +1 more
TL;DR: A new decision-aiding method based on stochastic multi-criteria acceptability analysis (SMAA) of the regret aversion behavior of decision makers (DM) with discrete Z-numbers is proposed and an SMAA–regret model for decision aiding on the basis of regret theory is proposed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Z*-numbers
Romi Banerjee,Sankar K. Pal +1 more
TL;DR: This article proposes definitions for certainty and affect parameters-arising out of socio-cultural influences on machine-knowledge, a Z*-number based rudimentary procedure for natural-language comprehension emulation, and primitive perception-operators for 'machine-mentalese' simulation using Z-number information-equivalents.
References
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Outline of a New Approach to the Analysis of Complex Systems and Decision Processes
TL;DR: By relying on the use of linguistic variables and fuzzy algorithms, the approach provides an approximate and yet effective means of describing the behavior of systems which are too complex or too ill-defined to admit of precise mathematical analysis.
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TL;DR: This epoch-making book cuts through confused thinking and forces us to re-examine many cherished ideas about knowledge, imagination, consciousness and the intellect as mentioned in this paper, and the result is a classic example of philosophy.
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TL;DR: If the meaning of the words “machine” and “think” are to be found by examining how they are commonly used it is difficult to escape the conclusion that the meaning and the answer to the question, “Can machines think?” is to be sought in a statistical survey such as a Gallup poll.
Book ChapterDOI
A framework for representing knowledge
TL;DR: The enormous problem of the volume of background common sense knowledge required to understand even very simple natural language texts is discussed and it is suggested that networks of frames are a reasonable approach to represent such knowledge.