Journal ArticleDOI
Petrography and geochemistry of the siliciclastic Araba Formation (Cambrian), east Sinai, Egypt: implications for provenance, tectonic setting and source weathering
Hossam A. Tawfik,Ibrahim M. Ghandour,Ibrahim M. Ghandour,Wataru Maejima,John S. Armstrong-Altrin,Abdel-Monem T. Abdel-Hameed +5 more
TLDR
In this article, combined petrographic and geochemical methods are utilized to investigate the provenance, tectonic setting, palaeo-weathering and climatic conditions of the Cambrian Araba clastic sediments of NE Egypt.Abstract:
Combined petrographic and geochemical methods are utilized to investigate the provenance, tectonic setting, palaeo-weathering and climatic conditions of the Cambrian Araba clastic sediments of NE Egypt. The ~ 60 m thick Araba Formation consists predominantly of sandstone and mudstone interbedded with conglomerate. Petrographically the Araba sandstones are mostly sub-mature and classified as subarkoses with an average framework composition of Q80F14L6. The framework components are dominated by monocrystalline quartz with subordinate K-feldspar, together with volcanic and granitic rock fragments. XRD analysis demonstrated that clay minerals comprise mixed-layer illite/smectite (I/S), illite and smectite, with minor kaolinite. Diagenetic features of the sandstone include mechanical infiltration of clay, mechanical and chemical compaction, cementation, dissolution and replacement of feldspars by carbonate cements and clays. The modal composition and geochemical parameters (e.g. Cr/V, Y/Ni, Th/Co and Cr/Th ratios) of the sandstones and mudstones indicate that they were derived from felsic source rocks, probably from the crystalline basement of the northern fringe of the Arabian–Nubian Shield. The study reveals a collisional tectonic setting for the sediments of the Araba Formation. Palaeo-weathering indices such as the chemical index of alteration (CIA), chemical index of weathering (CIW) and plagioclase index of alteration (PIA) of the clastic sediments suggest that the source area was moderately chemically weathered. On the northern margin of Gondwana, early Palaeozoic weathering occurred under fluctuating climatic conditions.read more
Citations
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Mineralogy and geochemistry of sands along the Manzanillo and El Carrizal beach areas, southern Mexico: implications for palaeoweathering, provenance and tectonic setting
Journal ArticleDOI
Mineralogy, geochemistry, and radiocarbon ages of deep sea sediments from the Gulf of Mexico, Mexico
TL;DR: In this paper, the mineralogy, geochemistry, and radiocarbon ages of two sediment cores (GMX1 and GMX2) collected from the deep sea area of the Southwestern Gulf of Mexico (∼876-1752m water depth) were studied to infer the sedimentation rate, provenance, heavy metal contamination, and depositional environment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Provenance discrimination between Atasta and Alvarado beach sands, western Gulf of Mexico, Mexico: Constraints from detrital zircon chemistry and U–Pb geochronology
John S. Armstrong-Altrin,Mayla A. Ramos-Vázquez,Ana C. Zavala-León,Patricia C. Montiel-García +3 more
Journal ArticleDOI
Geochemistry of deep-sea sediments in two cores retrieved at the mouth of the Coatzacoalcos River delta, western Gulf of Mexico, Mexico
Mayla A. Ramos-Vázquez,John S. Armstrong-Altrin,Leticia Rosales-Hoz,María Luisa Machain-Castillo,Arturo Carranza-Edwards +4 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed the radiocarbon age, texture, organic matter, carbonate content, and geochemical compositions of two sediment cores (GM42 and GM44) retrieved in front of the Coatzacoalcos River mouth basin, southwestern Gulf of Mexico (∼864 and 845m water depth, respectively).
Journal ArticleDOI
Detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology and geochemistry of the Riachuelos and Palma Sola beach sediments, Veracruz State, Gulf of Mexico: a new insight on palaeoenvironment
TL;DR: In this paper, surface microtexture, mineralogy, bulk sediment geochemistry, trace element composition and U-Pb isotopic geochronology of detrital zircons collected from the Riachuelos and Palma Sola beach areas, southwestern Gulf of Mexico were performed to infer the sediment provenance and palaeoenvironment.
References
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the composition of the present upper crust and deal with possible compositions for the total crust and the inferred composition of lower crust, and the question of the uniformity of crustal composition throughout geological time is discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Early Proterozoic climates and plate motions inferred from major element chemistry of lutites
H.W. Nesbitt,Grant M. Young +1 more
TL;DR: The early Proterozoic Huronian Supergroup of the north shore of Lake Huron (Fig. 1) is a thick succession of sedimentary and volcanic rocks deposited between about 2,500 and 2,100 Myr ago as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Unraveling the effects of potassium metasomatism in sedimentary rocks and paleosols, with implications for paleoweathering conditions and provenance
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used ternary diagrams to determine the amount of K addition, premetasomatized sediment composition, and composition of provenance areas, which can be compared with the mineralogy of recent soil profiles and thus, climate and topographic conditions determined for past weathering events.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prediction of some weathering trends of plutonic and volcanic rocks based on thermodynamic and kinetic considerations
H.W. Nesbitt,Grant M. Young +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the proportions of Ca, Na and K released by feldspars of plutonic rocks (granites to gabbros) to weathering solutions were predicted.
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Plate tectonics and sandstone compositions
TL;DR: The relationship between provenance and basin is important for hydrocarbon exploration because sand frameworks of contrasting detrital compositions respond differently to diagenesis, and thus display different trends of porosity reduction with depth of burial as mentioned in this paper.
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