Book ChapterDOI
Physical Activity, Obesity and Cardiovascular Diseases
Timo A. Lakka,Claude Bouchard +1 more
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To combat the epidemic of overweight and to improve cardiovascular health at a population level, it is important to develop strategies to increase habitual physical activity and to prevent overweight and obesity in collaboration with communities, families, schools, work sites, health care professionals, media and policymakers.Abstract:
Sedentary lifestyle and overweight are major public health, clinical, and economical problems in modern societies. The worldwide epidemic of excess weight is due to imbalance between physical activity and dietary energy intake. Sedentary lifestyle, unhealthy diet, and consequent overweight and obesity markedly increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Regular physical activity 45-60 min per day prevents unhealthy weight gain and obesity, whereas sedentary behaviors such as watching television promote them. Regular exercise can markedly reduce body weight and fat mass without dietary caloric restriction in overweight individuals. An increase in total energy expenditure appears to be the most important determinant of successful exercise-induced weight loss. The best long-term results may be achieved when physical activity produces an energy expenditure of at least 2,500 kcal/week. Yet, the optimal approach in weight reduction programs appears to be a combination of regular physical activity and caloric restriction. A minimum of 60 min, but most likely 80-90 min of moderate-intensity physical activity per day may be needed to avoid or limit weight regain in formerly overweight or obese individuals. Regular moderate intensity physical activity, a healthy diet, and avoiding unhealthy weight gain are effective and safe ways to prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases and to reduce premature mortality in all population groups. Although the efforts to promote cardiovascular health concern the whole population, particular attention should be paid to individuals who are physically inactive, have unhealthy diets or are prone to weight gain. They have the highest risk for worsening of the cardiovascular risk factor profile and for cardiovascular disease. To combat the epidemic of overweight and to improve cardiovascular health at a population level, it is important to develop strategies to increase habitual physical activity and to prevent overweight and obesity in collaboration with communities, families, schools, work sites, health care professionals, media and policymakers.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Determinants of participation in worksite health promotion programmes: a systematic review
TL;DR: Participation levels in health promotion interventions at the workplace were typically below 50%, and few studies evaluated the influence of health, lifestyle and work-related factors on participation, which hampers the insight in the underlying determinants of initial participation in worksite health promotion.
Journal ArticleDOI
Adipogenesis is inhibited by brief, daily exposure to high-frequency, extremely low-magnitude mechanical signals
Clinton T. Rubin,Encarnación Capilla,Yen K. Luu,Bhavin Busa,Howard C. Crawford,Daniel J. Nolan,Daniel J. Nolan,Vivek Mittal,Vivek Mittal,Clifford J. Rosen,Jeffrey E. Pessin,Stefan Judex +11 more
TL;DR: It is shown that 15 weeks of brief, daily exposure to high-frequency mechanical signals, induced at a magnitude well below that which would arise during walking, inhibited adipogenesis by 27% in C57BL/6J mice, which may represent the basis for the nonpharmacologic prevention of obesity and its sequelae, achieved through developmental, rather than metabolic, pathways.
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Lipotoxicity in type 2 diabetic cardiomyopathy
TL;DR: The underlying aetiology of diabetic cardiomyopathy is incompletely understood but is beginning to be elucidated, and various mechanisms have been proposed that may lead to lipotoxicity.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Power of Play: Innovations in Getting Active Summit 2011 A Science Panel Proceedings Report From the American Heart Association
Debra A. Lieberman,Barbara Chamberlin,Ernie Medina,Barry A. Franklin,Brigid McHugh Sanner,Dorothea K. Vafiadis +5 more
TL;DR: The summit helped the participants gain an understanding of what is known, identified gaps in current research, and supported a dialogue for continued collaboration, and research is needed to improve understanding of processes of behavior change with active games.
BookDOI
Epidemiologic Methods in Physical Activity Studies
TL;DR: This work focuses on the design and design of present-day epidemiologic studies of physical activity and health, and on the evidence, the issues, and the challenges surrounding dose-response relationships between physical activities and health outcomes.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Physical Activity and Public Health: A Recommendation From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American College of Sports Medicine
Russell R. Pate,Michael Pratt,Steven N. Blair,William L. Haskell,Caroline A. Macera,Claude Bouchard,David Buchner,Walter H. Ettinger,Gregory W. Heath,Abby C. King,Andrea M. Kriska,Arther S. Leon,Bess H. Marcus,Jeremy N. Morris,Ralph S. Paffenbarger,Kevin Patrick,Michael L. Pollock,James Rippe,James F. Sallis,Jack H. Wilmore +19 more
TL;DR: Every US adult should accumulate 30 minutes or more of moderate-intensity physical activity on most, preferably all, days of the week.