Journal ArticleDOI
Polarization multiplexing with solitons
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TLDR
In this paper, a polarization/time division multiplexing technique was proposed to increase the bit-rate capacity of an ultra-long distance soliton transmission system with little or no significant increase in bit error rate.Abstract:
It is shown both analytically and with numerical simulation, and confirmed experimentally in transmission over distances up to approximately 10000 km, that solitons maintain a high degree of polarization over an ultra-long distance transmission system consisting of birefringent dispersion-shifted fiber segments and erbium amplifiers. Based on that fact, the authors propose a polarization/time division multiplexing technique which should allow the single-wavelength bit-rate capacity of an ultra-long distance soliton transmission system to be doubled with little or no significant increase in bit error rate. >read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Fundamentals of Coherent Optical Fiber Communications
TL;DR: The history of research and development related to coherent optical communications is reviewed and the principle of coherent detection is described, including its quantum-noise characteristics, which discusses the role of digital signal processing in mitigating linear transmission impairments, estimating the carrier phase, and tracking the state of polarization of the signal in coherent receivers.
Journal ArticleDOI
Polarization mode dispersion, decorrelation, and diffusion in optical fibers with randomly varying birefringence
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that both the length scales for polarization mode dispersion and polarization decorrelation measured with respect to the local axes of birefringence are equal to the fiber autocorrelation length and that the coupled nonlinear Schrodinger equation which describes wave evolution over long length along a communication fiber can be reduced to the Manakov equation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Application of the Manakov-PMD equation to studies of signal propagation in optical fibers with randomly varying birefringence
TL;DR: In this article, the Manakov-polarization mode dispersion (PMD) equation is used to model both non-return-to-zero (NRZ) and soliton signal propagation in optical fibers with randomly varying birefringence.
Book
Optical Solitons
TL;DR: The theory of optical solitons as well as their experimental investigation has progressed rapidly as discussed by the authors, and optical soliton concepts applied to the description of intense electromagnetic beams and ultrashort pulse propagation in various media have contributed much to this field.
Book ChapterDOI
Polarization-Mode Dispersion
TL;DR: In this article, it is shown that fluctuations in the polarization mode and fiber birefringence produced by the environment lead to dispersion that varies statistically with time and frequency.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Random walk of coherently amplified solitons in optical fiber transmission
James P. Gordon,Hermann A. Haus +1 more
TL;DR: It is shown that amplifier noise causes a soliton's group velocity to undergo a random-walk process, which limits the system's product of length times bit rate, in one example, to about 24 000 GHz-km.
Journal ArticleDOI
Interaction forces among solitons in optical fibers
TL;DR: It is shown here from the general two-soliton function that solitons in fibers exert forces on their neighbors that decrease exponentially with the distance between them and depend sinusoidally on their relative phase.
Journal ArticleDOI
Guiding-center soliton in optical fibers.
Akira Hasegawa,Yuji Kodama +1 more
TL;DR: The guidingcenter soliton is shown to satisfy the nonlinear Schrodinger equation with a correction of order (z(a)/z(0))(2) with distortionless propagation of the guiding-center solitons.
Journal ArticleDOI
Wavelength division multiplexing with solitons in ultra-long distance transmission using lumped amplifiers
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that solitons of different velocities are transparent to each other in a system using lumped amplifiers, as long as the length of the collision is long enough relative to the spacing between amplifiers or a possibly longer period of variation in some other parameter, such as the fiber's chromatic dispersion.
Journal ArticleDOI
Long-distance soliton propagation using lumped amplifiers and dispersion shifted fiber
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown both analytically and by numerical simulation that solitons can traverse great distances through a chain of lumped amplifiers connecting dispersion shifted fiber spans, and the resultant pulse distortions and dispersive wave radiation tend to be negligible, as long as the length scale of the variations in energy and dispersion are short relative to the soliton period.