Journal ArticleDOI
Possible sources of ignition of potential explosive gas atmospheres on offshore process installations
Rolf K. Eckhoff,Odd Thomassen +1 more
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TLDR
The possibilities of effective ignition sources in industrial practice being generated by stray electric currents, cathodic corrosion protection currents, static electricity, lightning, highfrequency electromagnetic waves, optical and radioactive radiation, ultrasonic radiation and heating by compression are discussed in this article.Abstract:
This paper highlights the basic features of various ignition sources and some principles for prevention of ignition of potential explosible hydrocarbon gas atmospheres in industrial practice. Ignition by hot solid surfaces, heat from mechanical impact and friction, electric discharges and jets of hot gaseous combustion products is discussed in detail. The possibilities of effective ignition sources in industrial practice being generated by stray electric currents, cathodic corrosion protection currents, static electricity, lightning, high-frequency electromagnetic waves, optical and radioactive radiation, ultrasonic radiation and heating by compression are discussed.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
A review on understanding explosions from methane-air mixture
TL;DR: A review of existing knowledge on the genesis and flame acceleration of explosions from methane-air mixtures is presented in this paper, which leads the readers to understand the considerations which must be accounted for in order to obviate and/or mitigate any accidental explosion originating from methane air systems.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Grid Based Approach for Fire and Explosion Consequence Analysis
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed the existing consequence models, such as source models, dispersion models, ignition models, fire and explosion models, and selected the ones most suitable for offshore conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Minimum ignition energy (MIE) — a basic ignition sensitivity parameter in design of intrinsically safe electrical apparatus for explosive dust clouds
TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose a method for the determination of required maximum permissible currents and voltages in intrinsically safe electrical circuits to be used in explosive dust clouds. But, the method is based on conservative first-order ignition curves, calculated or estimated from the experimental MIE value of clouds in air of actual dust.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dynamic assessment of safety barriers preventing escalation in offshore Oil&Gas
TL;DR: In this article, a novel approach for dynamic risk assessment and management, based on Bayesian Networks and safety barrier assessment, is suggested, applied to the Goliat Oil&Gas platform located in the Barents Sea and risk data on the Norwegian petroleum activities are used as evidence to simulate continuous update of risk assessment throughout the years.
Journal ArticleDOI
Auto-ignition of CH4air, C3H8air, CH4/C3H8/air and CH4/CO2/air using a 11 ignition bomb
TL;DR: In this paper, the minimum AIT of four types of hydrocarbon mixtures (CH 4 air, C 3 H 8 air, CH4/C 3H 8 air, CH4, higher alkanes and CO2) have been measured using a pre-evacuated ignition bomb.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Thermal ignition of methaneair mixtures by hot surfaces: A critical examination☆
TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of surface size, orientation, temperature-time history, stoichiometry, and velocity on the critical surface temperature for ignition has been investigated and a simple correlation is developed among surface ignition temperature, size, pressure, and flow velocity consistent with previous work.
Journal ArticleDOI
The ignition of gases by rapidly heated surfaces
TL;DR: In this paper, a surface heated by a frictional impact was simulated by the discharge of a bank of capacitors through a strip of tungsten foil, and the resultant rise and fall of temperature were investigated by means of a two-color pyrometer.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ignition of methane-air mixture by frictional sparks from light alloys
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors conducted a laboratory scale experiment to clarify the characteristics of frictional sparks, and the relation between the incendivity and practical conditions, by which light alloy samples made an impact on a rusted steel plate.
Journal ArticleDOI
Further studies of the ignition of gases by transiently heated surfaces
TL;DR: In this paper, a capacitor discharge through a thin metal strip was used to produce transient heating in experiments to find the most readily ignitable compositions and their induction times, and the ignition of propane-air by means of a frictional impact between tungsten carbide tipped steel and sandstone was also investigated for comparison.
Journal ArticleDOI
The kinetics of impact in drop-weight experiments
F Powell,B W Quince +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the coefficients of friction and restitution and the length-to-diameter ratio of cylinders affect the dissipation of energy by friction during impact, and that given the physical properties of two bodies undergoing impact, it is possible to forecast the heat energy dissipated at the surfaces in contact and the resulting surface temperature.