Journal ArticleDOI
Preparing a nation for autonomous vehicles: opportunities, barriers and policy recommendations
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TLDR
In this article, the authors proposed a nationally recognized licensing framework for AVs, determining appropriate standards for liability, security, and data privacy, which can be used to improve vehicle safety, congestion, and travel behavior.Abstract:
Autonomous vehicles (AVs) represent a potentially disruptive yet beneficial change to our transportation system. This new technology has the potential to impact vehicle safety, congestion, and travel behavior. All told, major social AV impacts in the form of crash savings, travel time reduction, fuel efficiency and parking benefits are estimated to approach $2000 to per year per AV, and may eventually approach nearly $4000 when comprehensive crash costs are accounted for. Yet barriers to implementation and mass-market penetration remain. Initial costs will likely be unaffordable. Licensing and testing standards in the U.S. are being developed at the state level, rather than nationally, which may lead to inconsistencies across states. Liability details remain undefined, security concerns linger, and without new privacy standards, a default lack of privacy for personal travel may become the norm. The impacts and interactions with other components of the transportation system, as well as implementation details, remain uncertain. To address these concerns, the federal government should expand research in these areas and create a nationally recognized licensing framework for AVs, determining appropriate standards for liability, security, and data privacy.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Forecasting life expectancy, years of life lost, and all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 250 causes of death: reference and alternative scenarios for 2016–40 for 195 countries and territories
Kyle J Foreman,Neal Marquez,Andrew J. Dolgert,Kai Fukutaki,Nancy Fullman,Madeline McGaughey,Martin A Pletcher,Amanda E. Smith,Kendrick Tang,Chun-Wei Yuan,Jonathan C Brown,Joseph Friedman,Jiawei He,Kyle R. Heuton,Mollie Holmberg,Disha J Patel,Patrick Reidy,Austin Carter,Kelly Cercy,Abigail Chapin,Dirk Douwes-Schultz,Tahvi Frank,Falko Goettsch,Patrick Y Liu,Vishnu Nandakumar,Marissa B Reitsma,Vince Reuter,Nafis Sadat,Reed J. D. Sorensen,Vinay Srinivasan,Rachel L Updike,Hunter York,Alan D. Lopez,Rafael Lozano,Stephen S Lim,Ali H. Mokdad,Stein Emil Vollset,Christopher J L Murray +37 more
TL;DR: A novel approach to modelling life expectancy, all-cause mortality and cause of death forecasts —and alternative future scenarios—for 250 causes of death from 2016 to 2040 in 195 countries and territories is provided.
Journal ArticleDOI
Driving to Safety: How Many Miles of Driving Would It Take to Demonstrate Autonomous Vehicle Reliability?
Nidhi Kalra,Susan M. Paddock +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors calculate the number of miles of driving that would be needed to provide clear statistical evidence of autonomous vehicle safety and show that fully autonomous vehicles would have to be driven hundreds of millions of miles and sometimes hundreds of billions of miles to demonstrate their reliability in terms of fatalities and injuries.
Journal ArticleDOI
The travel and environmental implications of shared autonomous vehicles, using agent-based model scenarios
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the design of an agent-based model for shared autonomous vehicle (SAV) operations, the results of many case-study applications using this model, and the estimated environmental benefits of such settings, versus conventional vehicle ownership and use.
Journal ArticleDOI
Help or hindrance? The travel, energy and carbon impacts of highly automated vehicles
TL;DR: In this article, the authors identify specific mechanisms through which automation may affect travel and energy demand and resulting GHG emissions and bring them together using a coherent energy decomposition framework, and explore the net effects of automation on emissions through several illustrative scenarios.
Journal ArticleDOI
User preferences regarding autonomous vehicles
TL;DR: In this article, a stated preference questionnaire is distributed to 721 individuals living across Israel and North America, based on the characteristics of their current commutes, individuals are presented with various scenarios and asked to choose the car they would use for their commute.
References
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Proceedings ArticleDOI
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Journal ArticleDOI
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