Quantum Mechanics of a Point Particle in 2+1 Dimensional Gravity

TLDR: In this paper, the authors studied the phase space structure and quantization of a point-like particle in (2 + 1)-dimensional gravity by adding boundary terms to the first-order Einstein-Hilbert action, and removing all redundant gauge degrees of freedom.

Abstract: We study the phase space structure and the quantization of a pointlike particle in (2 + 1)-dimensional gravity. By adding boundary terms to the first-order Einstein-Hilbert action, and removing all redundant gauge degrees of freedom, we arrive at a reduced action for a gravitating particle in 2 + 1 dimensions, which is invariant under Lorentz transformations and a group of generalized translations. The momentum space of the particle turns out to be the group manifold SL(2). Its position coordinates have non-vanishing Poisson brackets, resulting in a non-commutative quantum spacetime. We use the representation theory of SL(2) to investigate its structure. We find a discretization of time, and some semi-discrete structure of space. An uncertainty relation forbids a fully localized particle. The quantum dynamics is described by a discretized Klein-Gordon equation.