Journal ArticleDOI
Real-Life Impact of Executive Function Impairments in Adults Who Were Born Very Preterm.
Jasmin Kroll,Vyacheslav Karolis,Philip J. Brittain,Chieh-En Jane Tseng,Sean Froudist-Walsh,Robin M. Murray,Chiara Nosarti +6 more
TLDR
Very preterm born adults demonstrate executive function impairments compared to full-term controls, and these are associated with lower achievement in several real-life domains.Abstract:
Objectives Children and adolescents who were born very preterm (≤32 weeks' gestation) are vulnerable to experiencing cognitive problems, including in executive function. However, it remains to be established whether cognitive deficits are evident in adulthood and whether these exert a significant effect on an individual's real-lifeachievement. Methods Using a cross-sectional design, we tested a range of neurocognitive abilities, with a focus on executive function, in a sample of 122 very preterm individuals and 89 term-born controls born between 1979 and 1984. Associations between executive function and a range of achievement measures, indicative of a successful transition to adulthood, were examined. Results Very preterm adults performed worse compared to controls on measures of intellectual ability and executive function with moderate to large effect sizes. They also demonstrated significantly lower achievement levels in terms of years spent in education, employment status, and on a measure of functioning in work and social domains. Results of regression analysis indicated a stronger positive association between executive function and real-life achievement in the very preterm group compared to controls. Conclusions Very preterm born adults demonstrate executive function impairments compared to full-term controls, and these are associated with lower achievement in several real-life domains. (JINS, 2017, 23, 381-389).read more
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Preterm Birth/Low Birth Weight and Markers Reflective of Wealth in Adulthood: A Meta-analysis
TL;DR: PT/LBW is associated with lower educational qualifications, decreased rate of employment, and an increased rate of receipt of social benefits in adulthood, but the findings are less clear for independent living.
Journal ArticleDOI
Volumetric grey matter alterations in adolescents and adults born very preterm suggest accelerated brain maturation
Vyacheslav Karolis,Sean Froudist-Walsh,Sean Froudist-Walsh,Jasmin Kroll,Philip J. Brittain,Chieh-En Jane Tseng,Kie Woo Nam,Antje A. T. S. Reinders,Robin M. Murray,Steven Williams,Paul M. Thompson,Chiara Nosarti +11 more
TL;DR: It is shown that individuals who were born very preterm had smaller global grey matter volume compared to controls, with subcortical and medial temporal regions being particularly affected, and structural volumetric components that showed resiliency in very pre term individuals were associated with higher IQ.
Journal ArticleDOI
Association of Preterm Birth and Low Birth Weight With Romantic Partnership, Sexual Intercourse, and Parenthood in Adulthood: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
TL;DR: The findings suggest that adults who were born preterm or with low birth weight are less likely to have sexual or partner relationships than adults born full-term, which might put them at increased risk of decreased well-being and poorer physical and mental health.
Journal ArticleDOI
Association of Very Preterm Birth or Very Low Birth Weight With Intelligence in Adulthood: An Individual Participant Data Meta-analysis.
Robert Eves,Marina Mendonça,Nicole Baumann,Yanyan Ni,Brian A Darlow,John Horwood,Lianne J. Woodward,Lex W. Doyle,Jeanie L.Y. Cheong,Peter J. Anderson,Peter Bartmann,Neil Marlow,Samantha Johnson,Eero Kajantie,Petteri Hovi,Petteri Hovi,Chiara Nosarti,Marit S. Indredavik,Kari Anne I. Evensen,Kari Anne I. Evensen,Katri Räikkönen,Kati Heinonen,Jennifer Zeitlin,Dieter Wolke +23 more
TL;DR: In this article, a systematic review of published data from PubMed and meta-analysis of individual participant data (IPD) of cohorts from two consortia (Research on European Children and Adults Born Preterm [RECAP] and Adults born Preterm International Collaboration [APIC]).
Journal ArticleDOI
White matter alterations to cingulum and fornix following very preterm birth and their relationship with cognitive functions.
Chiara Caldinelli,Sean Froudist-Walsh,Vyacheslav Karolis,Chieh En Tseng,Matthew Allin,Muriel Walshe,M Cuddy,Robin M. Murray,Chiara Nosarti,Chiara Nosarti +9 more
TL;DR: It is shown that the neurodevelopmental consequences of VPT birth persist into young adulthood and are associated with neonatal cranial ultrasound classification, and suggests that structural connectivity alterations could underlie memory difficulties in preterm born individuals.
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