Journal ArticleDOI
Reduction of Plasma Homocyst(e)ine Levels by Breakfast Cereal Fortified with Folic Acid in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease
Manuel R. Malinow,Paul Barton Duell,David L. Hess,Peter H. Anderson,Warren D. Kruger,Beverley E. Phillipson,Beverley E. Phillipson,Robert A. Gluckman,Peter C. Block,Peter C. Block,Barbara M. Upson +10 more
TLDR
Cereal fortified with folic acid has the potential to increase plasma folic Acid levels and reduce plasma homocyst(e)ine levels, and further clinical trials are required to determine whether folicacid fortification may prevent vascular disease.Abstract:
Background The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has recommended that cereal-grain products be fortified with folic acid to prevent congenital neural-tube defects. Since folic acid supplementation reduces levels of plasma homocyst(e)ine, or plasma total homocysteine, which are frequently elevated in arterial occlusive disease, we hypothesized that folic acid fortification might reduce plasma homocyst(e)ine levels. Methods To test this hypothesis, we assessed the effects of breakfast cereals fortified with three levels of folic acid, and also containing the recommended dietary allowances of vitamins B6 and B12, in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial in 75 men and women with coronary artery disease. Results Plasma folic acid increased and plasma homocyst(e)ine decreased proportionately with the folic acid content of the breakfast cereal. Cereal providing 127 μg of folic acid daily, approximating the increased daily intake that may result from the FDA's enrichment policy, increas...read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Homocysteine and vascular disease.
TL;DR: For more than 20 years, moderately raised concentrations of total homocysteine (tHcy) have been associated with an increased risk of atherothrombotic vascular events but only recently has evidence mounted to suggest that the association may be causal as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Effect of Folic Acid Fortification on Plasma Folate and Total Homocysteine Concentrations
TL;DR: The fortification of enriched grain products with folic acid was associated with a substantial improvement in folate status in a population of middle-aged and older adults.
Journal ArticleDOI
Homocyst(e)ine and cardiovascular disease: a critical review of the epidemiologic evidence.
TL;DR: Although simple, inexpensive, nontoxic therapy with folate and vitamins B6 and B12 is highly effective at reducing plasma homocysteine levels, it remains to be demonstrated that decreasing homocyst(e)ine levels reduces cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
Journal ArticleDOI
Homocyst(e)ine, Diet, and Cardiovascular Diseases A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the Nutrition Committee, American Heart Association
TL;DR: A number of studies have shown inverse relationships of blood homocyst(e)ine concentrations with plasma/serum levels of folic acid, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12, whereas pyridoxine (vitamin B6) is a cofactor for cystathionine β-synthase.
Journal ArticleDOI
Antioxidants and disease: More questions than answers
TL;DR: Overall, the role of oxidative stress in disease, especially cancer and CHD, has probably been overstated; other components of the diet likely play a significantly greater role.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
A candidate genetic risk factor for vascular disease: a common mutation in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase
P. Frosst,Henk J. Blom,Renate Milos,Philippe Goyette,Christal A. Sheppard,Rowena G. Matthews,G. J.H. Boers,M. den Heijer,Leo A. J. Kluijtmans,L.P.W.J. van den Heuvel,Rima Rozen +10 more
TL;DR: This work has identified a common mutation in MTHFR which alters a highly-conserved amino acid; the substitution occurs at a frequency of approximately 38% of unselected chromosomes and may represent an important genetic risk factor in vascular disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
A quantitative assessment of plasma homocysteine as a risk factor for vascular disease. Probable benefits of increasing folic acid intakes
TL;DR: Higher folic acid intake by reducing tHcy levels promises to prevent arteriosclerotic vascular disease and under different assumptions, 13,500 to 50,000 CAD deaths annually could be avoided.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prevention of the First Occurrence of Neural-Tube Defects by Periconceptional Vitamin Supplementation
Andrew E. Czeizel,István Dudás +1 more
TL;DR: A randomized, controlled trial of periconceptional multivitamin supplementation to test the efficacy of this treatment in reducing the incidence of a first occurrence of neural-tube defects.
Journal ArticleDOI
Plasma Homocysteine Levels and Mortality in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
TL;DR: Plasma total homocysteine levels are a strong predictor of mortality in patients with angiographically confirmed coronary artery disease and remained strong after adjustment for these and other potential confounders.
Related Papers (5)
A quantitative assessment of plasma homocysteine as a risk factor for vascular disease. Probable benefits of increasing folic acid intakes
Vitamin Status and Intake as Primary Determinants of Homocysteinemia in an Elderly Population
Plasma homocysteine as a risk factor for vascular disease: The European Concerted Action Project.
Graham Im,Leslie Daly,Helga Refsum,Killian Robinson,Lars Brattström,Per Magne Ueland,Roberto Palma-Reis,Godfried H.J. Boers,Richard G. Sheahan,Israelsson B,Cuno S.P.M. Uiterwaal,Raymond Meleady,Dorothy McMaster,Petra Verhoef,Jacqueline C.M. Witteman,Paolo Rubba,Bellet H,Jan C. Wautrecht,de Valk Hw,Sales Lúis Ac,Parrot-Rouland Fm,K.S. Tan,I.M. Higgins,Danielle Garcon,Generoso Andria +24 more