Journal ArticleDOI
Relationship of light scattering at an angle in the backward direction to the backscattering coefficient
Emmanuel Boss,W. Scott Pegau +1 more
TLDR
There are two reasons for the tight correlation between observed scattering near 120 degrees and the backscattering coefficient reported by Oishi, namely, that the shape of the VSF of particles does not vary much near that angle for particle assemblages of differing optical properties and size.Abstract:
We revisit the problem of computing the backscattering coefficient based on the measurement of scattering at one angle in the back direction. Our approach uses theory and new observations of the volume scattering function (VSF) to evaluate the choice of angle used to estimate bb. We add to previous studies by explicitly treating the molecular backscattering of water (bbw) and its contribution to the VSF shape and to bb. We find that there are two reasons for the tight correlation between observed scattering near 120° and the backscattering coefficient reported by Oishi [Appl. Opt.29, 4658, (1990)], namely, that (1) the shape of the VSF of particles (normalized to the backscattering) does not vary much near that angle for particle assemblages of differing optical properties and size, and (2) the ratio of the VSF to the backscattering is not sensitive to the contribution by water near this angle. We provide a method to correct for the water contribution to backscattering when single-angle measurements are used in the back direction (for angles spanning from near 90° to 160°) that should provide improved estimates of the backscattering coefficient.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
A model for estimating bulk refractive index from the optical backscattering ratio and the implications for understanding particle composition in case I and case II waters
Michael S. Twardowski,Emmanuel Boss,Jacob B. Macdonald,W. Scott Pegau,Andrew H. Barnard,J. Ronald V. Zaneveld +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, a model based on Mie theory is described that estimates bulk participate refractive index n¯p from in situ optical measurements alone, which can be measured with commercially available instrumentation with rapid sampling rates and real-time data return.
Comparison of numerical models for computing underwater light fields
TL;DR: In this paper, seven models for computing underwater radiances and irradiances by numerical solution of the radiative transfer equation are compared and applied to the solution of several problems drawn from optical oceanography.
Journal ArticleDOI
The role of seawater constituents in light backscattering in the ocean
TL;DR: In this article, the authors review the roles played by various seawater constituents in light backscattering and address a question of missing backscatter in the open ocean and show that due to substantial variability in water composition, different types of constituents can explain the missing back-scatter.
Journal ArticleDOI
Relationships between the surface concentration of particulate organic carbon and optical properties in the eastern South Pacific and eastern Atlantic Oceans
Dariusz Stramski,Rick A. Reynolds,Marcel Babin,Marcel Babin,S Kaczmarek,Marlon R. Lewis,Rüdiger Röttgers,Antoine Sciandra,Antoine Sciandra,Malgorzata Stramska,Michael S. Twardowski,Bryan A. Franz,Hervé Claustre,Hervé Claustre +13 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined several approaches for estimating the surface concentration of particulate organic carbon, POC, from optical measurements of spectral remote-sensing reflectance, Rrs(λ), using field data collected in tropical and subtropical waters of the eastern South Pacific and eastern Atlantic Oceans.
References
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Book
Absorption and Scattering of Light by Small Particles
TL;DR: In this paper, a Potpourri of Particles is used to describe surface modes in small Particles and the Angular Dependence of Scattering is shown to be a function of the size of the particles.
Journal ArticleDOI
Light Scattering by Small Particles
H. C. Van de Hulst,V. Twersky +1 more
TL;DR: Light scattering by small particles as mentioned in this paper, Light scattering by Small Particle Scattering (LPS), Light scattering with small particles (LSC), Light Scattering by Small Parts (LSP),
Book ChapterDOI
Light Scattering from Small Particles
TL;DR: In this article, the basic physics of elastic light scattering from small particles is studied for the simple case of a homogeneous and isotropic sphere, where the particle velocity and its properties are analyzed.
Journal ArticleDOI
A semianalytic radiance model of ocean color
Howard R. Gordon,Otis B. Brown,Robert Evans,James W. Brown,Raymond C. Smith,Karen S. Baker,Dennis K. Clark +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, a semianalytical radiance model is developed which predicts the upwelled spectral radiance at the sea surface as a function of the phytoplankton pigment concentration for Morel Case 1 waters.
ReportDOI
Volume Scattering Functions for Selected Ocean Waters
TL;DR: In this paper, volume scattering functions for three general types of natural ocean waters have been obtained and are presented and are used for beam transmission in laboratory experiments using sea water, filtered fresh water, and artificial scattering and absorbing agents.