Rice and noodle consumption is associated with insulin resistance and hyperglycaemia in an Asian population
Yasmin Laura Marie Zuniga,Salome A. Rebello,Puay Leng Oi,Huili Zheng,Jeannette Lee,E. Shyong Tai,Rob M. van Dam +6 more
TLDR
It is suggested that high consumption of rice and noodles may contribute to hyperglycaemia through greater insulin resistance and that this relationship is independent of adiposity and systemic inflammation.Abstract:
High consumption of refined grains, particularly white rice, has been reported to be associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes. Therefore, in the present study, we evaluated the association between rice and noodle consumption and markers of glucose homeostasis, inflammation and dyslipidaemia in an Asian population. We carried out a population-based cross-sectional study in 2728 Singaporean Chinese men and women aged between 24 and 92 years. Rice and noodle intake was assessed using a validated FFQ and studied in relation to glycaemic (fasting glucose, glycated Hb, homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and HOMA index for β-cell function (HOMA-β)), inflammatory (plasma adiponectin and C-reactive protein (CRP)) and lipid (fasting TAG and HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C)) markers. We used multiple linear regression analyses with adjustment for total energy intake and sociodemographic, anthropometric (BMI and waist:hip ratio) and lifestyle factors. Higher rice consumption was found to be associated with higher fasting glucose concentrations (0·81 % higher values per portion increment; 95 % CI 0·09, 1·54) and HOMA-IR (4·62 %; 95 % CI 1·29, 8·07). Higher noodle consumption was also found to be significantly associated with higher fasting glucose concentrations (1·67 %; 95 % CI 0·44, 2·92), HOMA-IR (6·17 %; 95 % CI 0·49, 12·16) and fasting TAG concentrations (9·17 %; 95 % CI 3·44, 15·22). No significant association was observed between rice and noodle consumption and adiponectin, CRP and HDL-C concentrations or HOMA-β in the fully adjusted model. These results suggest that high consumption of rice and noodles may contribute to hyperglycaemia through greater insulin resistance and that this relationship is independent of adiposity and systemic inflammation.read more
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Cohort Profile: The Singapore Multi-Ethnic Cohort (MEC) study
Kristin Hui Xian Tan,Linda Wei Lin Tan,Xueling Sim,E. Shyong Tai,Jeannette Lee,Kee Seng Chia,Rob M. van Dam +6 more
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Roman Vangoitsenhoven,Dieter Rondas,Inne Crèvecoeur,Wannes D'Hertog,Pieter Baatsen,Matilde Masini,Mirjana Andjelkovic,Joris Van Loco,Christophe Matthys,Chantal Mathieu,Lut Overbergh,Bart Van der Schueren +11 more
TL;DR: Exposure to cereulide even at concentrations too low to cause systemic effects appears deleterious to the beta-cell, with mitochondrial dysfunction underlying these defects.
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