Role of the private sector in the provision of immunization services in low- and middle-income countries
Ann Levin,Miloud Kaddar +1 more
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TLDR
The review revealed many geographical and thematic gaps in the literature on the role and regulation of the private sector in the delivery of immunization services in low- and middle-income countries.Abstract:
The authors conducted a literature review on the role of the private sector in low- and middle-income countries The review indicated that relatively few studies have researched the role of the private sector in immunization service delivery in these countries The studies suggest that the private sector is playing different roles and functions according to economic development levels, the governance structure and the general presence of the private sector in the health sector In some countries, generally low-income countries, the private for-profit sector is contributing to immunization service delivery and helping to improve access to traditional EPI vaccines In other countries, particularly middle-income countries, the private for-profit sector often acts to facilitate early adoption of new vaccines and technologies before introduction and generalization by the public sector The not-for-profit sector plays an important role in extending access to traditional EPI vaccines, particularly in low-income countries Not-for-profit facilities are situated in rural as well as urban areas and are more likely to be coordinated with public services than the private for-profit sector Although numerous studies on non-governmental organizations (NGOs) suggest that the extent of NGO provision of immunization services in low- and middle-income countries is substantial, the contribution of this sector is poorly documented, leading to a lack of recognition of its role at national and global levels Studies on quality of immunization service provision at private health facilities suggest that it is sometimes inadequate and needs to be monitored Although some articles on public-private collaboration exist, little was found on the extent to which governments are effectively interacting with and regulating the private sector The review revealed many geographical and thematic gaps in the literature on the role and regulation of the private sector in the delivery of immunization services in low- and middle-income countriesread more
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Antibiotic resistance—the need for global solutions
Ramanan Laxminarayan,Ramanan Laxminarayan,Ramanan Laxminarayan,Adriano Duse,Chand Wattal,Anita K. M. Zaidi,Heiman F. L. Wertheim,Nithima Sumpradit,Erika Vlieghe,Gabriel Levy Hara,Ian M. Gould,Herman Goossens,Christina Greko,Anthony D. So,Maryam Bigdeli,Goeran Tomson,Will Woodhouse,Eva Ombaka,Arturo Quizhpe Peralta,Farah Naz Qamar,Fatima Mir,Sam Kariuki,Zulfigar A. Bhutta,Anthony R.M. Coates,Richard Bergstrom,Gerard D. Wright,Eric D. Brown,Otto Cars +27 more
TL;DR: The global situation of antibiotic resistance, its major causes and consequences, and key areas in which action is urgently needed are described and identified.
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Maximising access to achieve appropriate human antimicrobial use in low-income and middle-income countries
Marc Mendelson,John-Arne Røttingen,John-Arne Røttingen,John-Arne Røttingen,Unni Gopinathan,Davidson H. Hamer,Heiman F. L. Wertheim,Buddha Basnyat,Christopher C Butler,Göran Tomson,Manica Balasegaram +10 more
TL;DR: Evidence-based interventions in community and health-care settings can increase access to appropriately prescribed antimicrobials, and key global enablers of sustainable financing, governance, and leadership will be necessary to achieve access while preventing excess antimicrobial use.
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Socio-demographic determinants of timely adherence to BCG, Penta3, measles, and complete vaccination schedule in Burkina Faso.
TL;DR: Mother's education, socio-economic status, season of birth, and area of residence were significantly associated with failure of timely adherence to the complete vaccination schedule, and rural children had an advantage over the urban children in timely vaccination.
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Immunization, urbanization and slums – a systematic review of factors and interventions
TL;DR: Different factors affect immunization coverage in different urban poor and slum contexts and interventions to improve coverage should be designed in collaboration with slum-dwelling communities, considering the local context.
References
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Book
Better Health Systems for India's Poor: Findings, Analysis, and Options
TL;DR: This report focuses on four areas of the health system in which reforms, and innovations would make the most difference to the future of the Indian health system: oversight, public health service delivery, ambulatory curative care, and inpatient care (together with health insurance).
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TL;DR: The ten investigated examples indicate that contracting for the delivery of primary care can be very effective and that improvements can be rapid, and contracting for health service delivery should be expanded and future efforts must include rigorous evaluations.
Posted Content
The Value of Vaccination
TL;DR: An investigation of the broader impacts of immunization shows that the benefits of vaccine programs, in particular, their economic effects via improved health have been underestimated, thereby causing the rate of return to be underestimated.
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Private Health Providers in Developing Countries: Serving the Public Interest
TL;DR: In this paper, the results from a co-ordinated program of research on the private health care sector including studies carried out by Asian, African and Latin American researchers are presented, drawing upon both industrialized and developing country literature to describe the intellectual terrain, analyze the key issues and summarize experience.