Journal ArticleDOI
Schirmer Test After Topical Anesthesia and the Tear Meniscus Height in Normal Eyes
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TLDR
No decrease in tear production with advancing age was demonstrated, nor were results significantly different in males and females, but attempts to correlate meniscus height with subsequent Schirmer test results showed that these measurements varied randomly.Abstract:
• The height of the inferior tear meniscus was measured in 86 normal eyes. A value greater than 0.1 mm was obtained in 93% of the eyes that were studied. However, attempts to correlate meniscus height with subsequent Schirmer test results showed that these measurements varied randomly. Schirmer tests that were conducted on 265 eyes without instillation of 0.5% proparacaine hydrochloride and on 466 eyes with proparacaine showed that topical anesthesia reduced mean test values by 40%. When proparacaine was used prior to testing, no decrease in tear production with advancing age was demonstrated, nor were results significantly different in males and females. Schirmer test values, ranging from 0 to 3 mm, were obtained in 15% of the normal volunteers when the test was performed after instillation of topical anesthesia and after blotting of the tear lake from the inferior cul-de-sac.read more
Citations
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The lack of association between signs and symptoms in patients with dry eye disease.
TL;DR: A poor relation between dry eye tests and symptoms is suggested, which represents a quandary in dry eye clinical research and practice.
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The epidemiology of dry eye in Melbourne, Australia
Catherine A. McCarty,Aashish K Bansal,Patricia M. Livingston,Y. L. Stanislavsky,Hugh R. Taylor +4 more
TL;DR: The epidemiology of dry eye in the adult population of Melbourne, Australia is described to describe the first reported population-based data ofdry eye in Australia, where the prevalence of dryEye varies by sign and symptom.
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Prevalence of dry eye among an elderly Chinese population in Taiwan: the Shihpai Eye Study.
TL;DR: The prevalence of dry eye, although varied according to definition, is relatively higher in this study than that reported for whites, and further studies are needed to determine whether this is due to racial or environmental factors.
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Etiology, prevalence, and treatment of dry eye disease.
TL;DR: The last decade has brought about a better understanding of the etiology of dryEye disease, and new therapies that can alleviate the signs and symptoms of dry eye disease and, consequently, improve the quality of life of dry Eye patients are available in the market.
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Prevalence and associations of dry eye syndrome in an older population: the Blue Mountains Eye Study.
TL;DR: In this older population, dry eye syndrome was common and has associations with female gender and systemic diseases and systemic factors significantly associated with dry eye Syndrome included history of arthritis, asthma, gout, use of corticosteroids, antidepressants and hormone replacement therapy.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Diagnostic Tests in the Sicca Syndrome
TL;DR: Age effects were found with lysozyme and Schirmer's 1 tests, but not with the rose bengal test, and no difference in values between men and women was found at any age level in any test.
Journal Article
Determination of tear volume and tear flow.
TL;DR: The dynamics of tear flow is studied for human subjects using fluorescein as an indicator and the tear volume was found to increase with increasing tear flow, and the normal tear volume with a normal tear flow was estimated from the volume-flow relationship.
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Studien zur Physiologie und Pathologie der Tränenabsonderung und Tränenabfuhr
TL;DR: Gad hat in seinen Arbeiten fiber den Abfuhrmeehanismus auf Grund versehiedener Erw~gungen die Ansicht vertreten, dass die nieht gereizte Drfise nur sehr geringe Flfissigkeitsmengen liefert; and zur gleiehen Ansicht komrat Goldzieher .
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Influence of age and sex on flow of tears.
TL;DR: The inventor of the test on which most clinical observations are now based, Schirmer, investigated the flow of tears in 100 eyes which he considered normal and came to the conclusion that a normal person secretes from 0.5 to 0.67 Gm.