Journal ArticleDOI
Short- and long-term effects of cigarette smoking on heart rate variability.
Junichiro Hayano,Masami Yamada,Masami Yamada,Yusaku Sakakibara,Yusaku Sakakibara,Takao Fujinami,Takao Fujinami,Kiyoko Yokoyama,Kiyoko Yokoyama,Yosaku Watanabe,Yosaku Watanabe,Kazuyuki Takata,Kazuyuki Takata +12 more
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TLDR
It is suggested that smoking causes an acute and transient decrease in vagal cardiac control, and that heavy smoking causes long-term reduction in vagAL cardiac control in young people and blunted postural responses in autonomic cardiac regulation.Abstract:
The short- and long-term effects of cigarette smoking on autonomic cardiac regulation were investigated by power spectral analysis of heart rate variability under controlled respiration (15/min). The short-term effects were examined in 9 smokers without evidence of cardiopulmonary disorders after an overnight abstinence from smoking. The heart rate spectral component reflecting the respiratory sinus arrhythmia (0.25 Hz), a quantitative index of vagal cardiac control, decreased 3 minutes after smoking 1 cigarette (p = 0.0061) and the component reflecting Mayer wave sinus arrhythmia (0.04 to 0.15 Hz), which includes sympathetically mediated activity, increased after 10 to 17 minutes (p = 0.0124). The long-term effects were examined in 81 normal subjects comprising 25 nonsmokers, 31 moderate (1 to 24 cigarettes/day) smokers and 25 heavy (greater than 25 cigarettes/day) smokers after an overnight abstinence. Although the magnitude of the Mayer wave component was unaffected by the smoking status, the respiratory component in the supine position was smaller in the young (less than or equal to 30 years) heavy smokers than in the young nonsmokers or moderate smokers (p = 0.0078). Also, postural changes in the components, a decrease in the respiratory component and an increase in the Mayer wave component with standing, were observed in the nonsmokers but not in the heavy smokers. These results suggest that smoking causes an acute and transient decrease in vagal cardiac control, and that heavy smoking causes long-term reduction in vagal cardiac control in young people and blunted postural responses in autonomic cardiac regulation.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Heart rate variability: a review
TL;DR: The various applications of HRV and different linear, frequency domain, wavelet domain, nonlinear techniques used for the analysis of the HRV are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
The relationship of autonomic imbalance, heart rate variability and cardiovascular disease risk factors
TL;DR: It is suggested that a model of autonomic imbalance may provide a unifying framework within which to investigate the impact of risk factors, including psychosocial factors and work stress, on cardiovascular disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Heart Rate Variability and Cardiac Vagal Tone in Psychophysiological Research - Recommendations for Experiment Planning, Data Analysis, and Data Reporting.
TL;DR: This paper will provide psychophysiological researchers with recommendations and practical advice concerning experimental designs, data analysis, and data reporting to ensure that researchers starting a project with HRV and cardiac vagal tone are well informed regarding methodological considerations in order for their findings to contribute to knowledge advancement in their field.
Journal ArticleDOI
The role of vagal function in the risk for cardiovascular disease and mortality.
Julian F. Thayer,Richard D. Lane +1 more
TL;DR: Evidence is provided to support the notion that decreasedvagal function precedes the development of a number of risk factors and that modification of risk profiles in the direction of lower risk is associated with increased vagal function.
Journal ArticleDOI
Autonomic characteristics of generalized anxiety disorder and worry.
TL;DR: It is suggested that GAD and its cardinal feature (worry), are associated with lower cardiac vagal control.
References
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Power spectral analysis of heart rate and arterial pressure variabilities as a marker of sympatho-vagal interaction in man and conscious dog.
Massimo Pagani,Federico Lombardi,Stefano Guzzetti,Ornella Rimoldi,Raffaello Furlan,Paolo Pizzinelli,Giulia Sandrone,Gabriella Malfatto,Simonetta Dell’Orto,E Piccaluga +9 more
TL;DR: The spontaneous beat-to-beat oscillation in R-R interval during control recumbent position, 90° upright tilt, controlled respiration and acute and chronic β-adrenergic receptor blockade was analyzed, indicating that sympathetic nerves to the heart are instrumental in the genesis of low-frequency oscillations in R -R interval.
Journal ArticleDOI
Decreased heart rate variability and its association with increased mortality after acute myocardial infarction
Robert E. Kleiger,Robert E. Kleiger,Robert E. Kleiger,J. Philip Miller,J. Philip Miller,J. Philip Miller,J.Thomas Bigger,J.Thomas Bigger,J.Thomas Bigger,Arthur J. Moss,Arthur J. Moss,Arthur J. Moss +11 more
TL;DR: HR variability remained a significant predictor of mortality after adjusting for clinical, demographic, other Holter features and ejection fraction, and a hypothesis to explain this finding is that decreased HR variability correlates with increased sympathetic or decreased vagal tone, which may predispose to ventricular fibrillation.
Journal Article
Assessment of autonomic function in human by heart rate spectral analysis
B. Pomeranz,Robert J.B. Macaulay,M. A. Caudill,I. Kutz,Dan Adam,Deborah M. Gordon,K. M. Kilborn,A. C. Barger,Daniel C. Shannon,Richard J. Cohen,Herbert Benson +10 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors assessed spontaneous heart rate fluctuations by use of autonomic blocking agents and changes in posture, and found that low-frequency fluctuations (below 0.12 Hz) in the supine position are mediated entirely by the parasympathetic nervous system.
Book ChapterDOI
Fitting autoregressive models for prediction
TL;DR: This is a preliminary report on a newly developed simple and practical procedure of statistical identification of predictors by using autoregressive models in a stationary time series.
Journal ArticleDOI
Assessment of autonomic function in humans by heart rate spectral analysis
B. Pomeranz,Robert J.B. Macaulay,M. A. Caudill,I. Kutz,Dan Adam,Deborah M. Gordon,K. M. Kilborn,A. C. Barger,Daniel C. Shannon,Richard J. Cohen +9 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors assessed spontaneous heart rate fluctuations by use of autonomic blocking agents and changes in posture, and found that low-frequency fluctuations (below 0.12 Hz) in the supine position are mediated entirely by the parasympathetic nervous system.