Journal ArticleDOI
Space Charge Effect in Lead Zirconate Titanate Ceramics Caused by the Addition of Impurities
TLDR
In this article, an empirical formula on poling efficiency is derived in terms of space charge and specific resistivity of the ceramics, which is explained by the effect of the space charge generated by the addition of impurities.Abstract:
Lead zirconate titanate ceramics containing metal oxides as impurities are subjected to poling, in order to give rise to piezoelectric activity, at various temperatures. Impurities contained in the ceramics are found to be divided into three groups according to their effects on poling temperatures. (1) When the amounts are small, piezo-electric activity is lowered by poling at low temperatures, but not so when the amounts increase. (2) Irrespective of the amounts the activity is lowered by poling at low temperatures. (3) Irrespective of the amounts the activity is independent of poling temperatures. Lowering of piezoelectric activity is accompanied by an increase of specific resistivity. The lowering is explained by the effect of space charge which is generated by the addition of impurities. An empirical formula on poling efficiency is derived in terms of space charge and specific resistivity of the ceramics.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Decoding the Fingerprint of Ferroelectric Loops: Comprehension of the Material Properties and Structures
TL;DR: In this paper, the impact factors on the hysteresis loops are discussed based on recent developments in ferroelectric and related materials, including the effect of materials (grain size and grain boundary, phase and phase boundary, doping, anisotropy, thickness), aging, and measurement conditions (applied field amplitude, fatigue, frequency, temperature, stress), which can affect the hysteretic behaviors of the ferroelectrics.
Journal ArticleDOI
Electrical after-effects in Pb(Ti, Zr)O3 ceramics
K. Carl,K. H. Hardtl +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, an internal bias field Ei which can exceed the coercive field strength was found to behave both like a field and thermally activated process in Pb(Ti, Zr)O3 ceramics doped with Al, Mn or Fe.
Journal ArticleDOI
Domain wall motion and its contribution to the dielectric and piezoelectric properties of lead zirconate titanate films
TL;DR: In this paper, the extrinsic contribution to the dielectric constant of PZT films was mainly attributed to 180° domain wall motion, which increased with both film thickness and grain size.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of Grain Size and Porosity on Electrical and Optical Properties of PLZT Ceramics
Kiyoshi Okazaki,Kunihiro Nagata +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a group of transparent ferroelectric hot-pressed (Pb0.92La0.08)-(Zr0.65Ti0.35)0.98O3 specimens with controlled grain size and constant porosity were prepared.
Journal ArticleDOI
Switching kinetics of lead zirconate titanate submicron thin‐film memories
TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured coercive field and switching voltage versus thickness in PbZr0.54Ti0.46O3 thin (0.15-0.50 μm) films, together with switching times and current transient shapes versus field and temperature.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Rochelle Salt as a Dielectric
C. B. Sawyer,C. H. Tower +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the dielectric constant of Rochelle salt half-crystals was shown to reach a value of 18,000 and curves were given to show the variation in mechanical and electrical saturation with temperature.
Journal ArticleDOI
Domain Processes in Lead Titanate Zirconate and Barium Titanate Ceramics
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured the amount of 90° reorientation during poling from mechanical strains measured during the poling process and showed that very high compressive stress parallel to the polar axis causes 90° switching of nearly all aligned domains, and, therefore, removes virtually all polarization.
Journal ArticleDOI
Electromechanical Properties of Lead Titanate Zirconate Ceramics Modified with Certain Three‐or Five‐Valent Additions
TL;DR: When small amounts of lanthana, neodymia, niobia, or tantala are added to lead titanate zirconate compositions near the morphotropic (rhombohedral-tetragonal) phase boundary, the modified ceramics show piezoelectric planar coupling coefficients of about 0.50 and substantially increased dielectric constants of up to 1545.
Journal ArticleDOI
Lead Zirconate‐Lead Titanate Piezoelectric Ceramics with Iron Oxide Additions
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the effects of small additions of Fe2O3 to lead zirconate-lead titanate ceramics with compositions between 45 and 60 mol% lead ZIRconate and showed that the dielectric constant and dissipation factor for both rhombohedra1 and tetragonal materials were decreased by addition of iron oxide.
Journal ArticleDOI
Electrostriction in Perovskite-Type Ferroelectric Ceramics
Naoya Uchida,Takuro Ikeda +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the electrostriction and polarization in perovskite-type ferroelectric ceramics have been calculated in the state under the arbitrary biasing field.