Standardising visual control devices for Tsetse: East and Central African Savannah species Glossina swynnertoni, Glossina morsitans centralis and Glossina pallidipes.
Mechtilda Byamungu,Tusevo Zacarie,Alexis Makumyaviri M'Pondi,Philémon Mansinsa Diabakana,Andrew McMullin,Thomas Kröber,Steve Mihok,Patrick M. Guerin +7 more
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TLDR
This study confirms earlier findings on G. swynnertoni that smaller visual targets, down to 0.5 m2, would be as efficient as using 1 m2 targets for population management of this species and indicates that an insecticide-impregnated pyramidal trap would also constitute an effective control device for G. centralis.Abstract:
Background
This study focused on the savannah tsetse species Glossina swynnertoni and G. morsitans centralis, both efficient vectors of human and animal trypanosomiasis in, respectively, East and Central Africa. The aim was to develop long-lasting, practical and cost-effective visually attractive devices that induce the strongest landing responses in these two species for use as insecticide-impregnated tools in population suppression.
Methods and findings
Trials were conducted in different seasons and years in Tanzania (G. swynnertoni) and in Angola and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC, G. m. centralis) to measure the performance of traps (pyramidal and epsilon) and targets of different sizes, shapes and colours, with and without chemical baits, at different population densities and under different environmental conditions. Adhesive film was used to catch flies landing on devices at the remote locations to compare tsetse-landing efficiencies. Landing rates by G. m. centralis in both Angola and the DRC were highest on blue-black 1 m2 oblong and 0.5 m2 square and oblong targets but were not significantly different from landings on the pyramidal trap. Landings by G. swynnertoni on 0.5 m2 blue-black oblong targets were likewise not significantly lower than on equivalent 1 m2 square targets. The length of target horizontal edge was closely correlated with landing rate. Blue-black 0.5 m2 targets performed better than equivalents in all-blue for both G. swynnertoni and G. m. centralis, although not consistently. Baiting with chemicals increased the proportion of G. m. centralis entering pyramidal traps.
Conclusions
This study confirms earlier findings on G. swynnertoni that smaller visual targets, down to 0.5 m2, would be as efficient as using 1 m2 targets for population management of this species. This is also the case for G. m. centralis. An insecticide-impregnated pyramidal trap would also constitute an effective control device for G. m. centralis.read more
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Modern Applied Statistics With S
TL;DR: The modern applied statistics with s is universally compatible with any devices to read, and is available in the digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly.
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Tsetse blood-meal sources, endosymbionts and trypanosome-associations in the Maasai Mara National Reserve, a wildlife-human-livestock interface.
Edward Edmond Makhulu,Jandouwe Villinger,Vincent O. Adung'a,Maamun Jeneby,Edwin Murungi Kimathi,Enock Mararo,Enock Mararo,Joseph Wang’ang’a Oundo,Joseph Wang’ang’a Oundo,Ali Abdulahi Musa,Ali Abdulahi Musa,Lillian Wambua,Lillian Wambua +12 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors identified tsetse species, their blood-meal sources, and correlations between endosymbionts and trypanosome presence in Tsetse flies from the trypanosa-endemic Maasai Mara National Reserve (MMNR) in Kenya.
Journal ArticleDOI
Antennal Enriched Odorant Binding Proteins Are Required for Odor Communication in Glossina f. fuscipes.
Souleymane Diallo,Mohd Shahbaaz,JohnMark O. Makwatta,Jackson M. Muema,Daniel K. Masiga,Alan Christofells,Merid N. Getahun +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the role of odorant binding proteins (OBPs) in Glossina fuscipes fuchsipes olfaction, the main vector of sleeping sickness, using multidisciplinary approaches was investigated.
Journal ArticleDOI
New materials for improving catches of horseflies (Diptera: Tabanidae) in Nzi traps.
Steve Mihok,David A. Carlson +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, new materials in 85 configurations were tested relative to standard fabric Nzi traps to improve catches of Tabanids based on artificial visual cues that mimic those used in nature for locating hosts or water.
Journal ArticleDOI
A novel vehicle-mounted sticky trap; an effective sampling tool for savannah tsetse flies Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood and Glossina morsitans centralis Machado.
Jackson Muyobela,Christian Walter Werner Pirk,Abdullahi Ahmed Yusuf,Njelembo J. Mbewe,Catherine L. Sole +4 more
TL;DR: In this article, a vehicle-mounted sticky panel trap (VST) was used to sample Glossina morsitans and G. m. centralis in a 1 km transect.
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