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State fragility as a cause of forced displacement: identifying theoretical channels for empirical research
TLDR
In this article, a theoretical analysis of the economic, political, and social drivers of forced displacement in fragile states is presented, focusing on the theoretical causal channels wherein state fragility leads to forced displacement.Abstract:
Our understanding of how state fragility leads to forced displacement remains empirically and theoretically fractured, even as wider research on development and migration has expanded. Forced displacement and mixed migration will increasingly be central to global debates in the coming decades, particularly in fragile and weak states; thus the goal of this Discussion Paper is to provide a theoretical structure for future research on forced displacement and state fragility. To do this, we have developed a theoretical conceptualisation of how state fragility can lead to forced displacement, drawing on a multi-dimensional method for understanding state fragility. When a state is fragile, lacking in administrative, social and security capacity, the population is more likely to be forced to seek safety and economic opportunity elsewhere. One of the main challenges is bringing different fields into a cohesive conversation; issues that will be addressed include what different disciplines aim to measure, potential epistemological problems with assuming a linear relationship between development policy and forced displacement, and normative differences between fields. The outcome is an integrated theoretical analysis of the economic, political, and social drivers of forced displacement in fragile states, focusing on the theoretical causal channels wherein state fragility leads to forced displacement. This can inform new empirical approaches for measuring and analysing the relationship between state fragility and forced displacement, while speaking to practical issues faced by regional and international organisations working in fragile states on forced displacement and migration issues.read more
Citations
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Book ChapterDOI
United Nations High Commission for Refugees
TL;DR: For example, the authors notes that although the country acceded to the 1951 Convention and the 1967 Protocol in 1999, incorporation of these obligations into national legislation and normative acts has been slow and to date Kazakhstan has failed to comply with its obligation to give full effect to the Covenant in the domestic legal order.
Book ChapterDOI
Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement
TL;DR: The humanitarian community is increasingly aware of the crisis of internal displacement which affects over 20 million people worldwide as discussed by the authors, and it is important for the international community to see how best it can contribute to enhancing the protection of IDPs conflict and crisis situations.
Journal Article
The International Politics of Forced Migration
TL;DR: Stephen Castles focuses mainly on issues of forced migration, and concludes that the so-called migration crisis arises because of the vast imbalances between North and South with regard to economic conditions, social well-being and human rights.
Compensation and benefit sharing: Why resettlement policies and practices must be reformed
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a theoretical analysis of the limits and flaws of compensation payments for expropriated assets, and argue that resources are available for supplementing compensation with financial investments for resettlers' development.
References
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Book ChapterDOI
United Nations High Commission for Refugees
TL;DR: For example, the authors notes that although the country acceded to the 1951 Convention and the 1967 Protocol in 1999, incorporation of these obligations into national legislation and normative acts has been slow and to date Kazakhstan has failed to comply with its obligation to give full effect to the Covenant in the domestic legal order.
Journal ArticleDOI
Environmental refugees: a growing phenomenon of the 21st century
TL;DR: The total number of environmental refugees could well double by the year 2010, and increase steadily for a good while thereafter as growing numbers of impoverished people press ever harder on overloaded environments.
Book
Identity, Migration and the New Security Agenda in Europe
TL;DR: The authors argue that threats to ethno-national identity are replacing military concerns as the central focus of European insecurity and the interplay of these societal insecurities in West and East will determine both the political shape and stability of Europe for the next generation as well as the future of Europes relations with its Islamic periphery.