Journal ArticleDOI
Stigma as a Barrier to Recovery: The Consequences of Stigma for the Self-Esteem of People With Mental Illnesses
TLDR
Self-esteem and two aspects of stigma, namely, perceptions of devaluation-discrimination and social withdrawal because of perceived rejection, were assessed among 70 members of a clubhouse program for people with mental illness at baseline and at follow-up six and 24 months later.Abstract:
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine whether stigma affects the self-esteem of persons who have serious mental illnesses or whether stigma has few, if any, effects on self-esteem. METHODS: Self-esteem and two aspects of stigma, namely, perceptions of devaluation-discrimination and social withdrawal because of perceived rejection, were assessed among 70 members of a clubhouse program for people with mental illness at baseline and at follow-up six and 24 months later. RESULTS: The two measures of perceptions of stigma strongly predicted self-esteem at follow-up when baseline self-esteem, depressive symptoms, demographic characteristics, and diagnosis were controlled for. Participants whose scores on the measures of stigma were at the 90th percentile were seven to nine times as likely as those with scores at the 10th percentile to have low self-esteem at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The stigma associated with mental illness harms the self-esteem of many people who have serious mental illnesses....read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
How stigma interferes with mental health care.
TL;DR: Recommendations are reviewed for ongoing research that will more comprehensively expand understanding of the stigma-care seeking link and implications for the development of antistigma programs that might promote care seeking and participation are reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
The social psychology of stigma.
Brenda Major,Laurie T. O’Brien +1 more
TL;DR: This chapter addresses the psychological effects of social stigma by reviewing and organizing recent theory and empirical research within an identity threat model of stigma, which posits that situational cues, collective representations of one's stigma status, and personal beliefs and motives shape appraisals of the significance of stigma-relevant situations for well-being.
Journal ArticleDOI
Stigma as a fundamental cause of population health inequalities.
TL;DR: This work provides illustrative evidence on the health consequences of stigma and presents a conceptual framework describing the psychological and structural pathways through which stigma influences health.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mental illness stigma: concepts, consequences, and initiatives to reduce stigma.
TL;DR: The concept of mental illness stigma is clarified and consequences for individuals with mental illness are discussed, focussing on self-stigma/empowerment and fear of stigma as a barrier to using health services.
Journal ArticleDOI
Correlates and consequences of internalized stigma for people living with mental illness: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
TL;DR: The review uncovered a striking and robust negative relationship between internalized stigma and a range of psychosocial variables (e.g., hope, self-esteem, and empowerment) and a lack of longitudinal research in this area of study has inhibited the clinical relevance of findings related tointernalized stigma.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A modified labeling theory approach to mental disorders : an empirical assessment
TL;DR: In this paper, a modified labeling perspective is proposed, which claims that even if labeling does not directly produce mental disorder, it can lead to negative outcomes, such as negative consequences for social support networks, jobs, and self-esteem.
Journal ArticleDOI
Understanding labeling effects in the area of mental disorders : An assessment of the effects of expectations of rejection
TL;DR: In this article, the authors hypothesize that official labeling gives personal relevance to an individual's beliefs about how others respond to mental patients and that such reactions may have negative effects on both psychological and socialfunctioning.
Journal ArticleDOI
On stigma and its consequences: evidence from a longitudinal study of men with dual diagnoses of mental illness and substance abuse.
TL;DR: This finding indicates that stigma continues to complicate the lives of the stigmatized even as treatment improves their symptoms and functioning, and it follows that if health professionals want to maximize the well-being of the people they treat, they must address stigma as a separate and important factor in its own right.
Book
Being mentally ill : a sociological theory
TL;DR: Part 1 Introduction: labelling theory and biopsychiatry -reviewing the record individual and social systems in deviance, and research: decisions in medicine two studies of the societal reaction negotiating reality.