Journal ArticleDOI
Survey for antibodies against arthropod-borne viruses in the sera of indigenous residents of the caprivi strip and bechuanaland protectorate
TLDR
The present survey offers no conclusive evidence that this virus has been active among the population sampled, but neutralization test results gave further evidence of activity of a wide spectrum of viruses, but showed that immunity levels were highest with Sindbis, West Nile, Wesselsbron, Bunyamwera and Germiston viruses.Abstract:
Sera collected in 1959 from 602 residents of 19 localities in the Caprivi Strip and Bechuanaland Protectorate were tested for HI antibodies against 15 viruses—4 from Group A, 7 from Group B, 1 from Group C, 2 from the Bunyamwera Group, and Rift Valley fever virus. Results of these tests were largely negative for the 5 localities in the Kalahari Desert, but indicated a great deal of virus activity in the Caprivi Strip and the Okavango Basin. Sera positive in the HI test were further tested with the respective viruses by the mouse neutralization test. Selected sera were also tested for neutralizing antibodies against 4 other ungrouped viruses. Neutralization test results gave further evidence of activity of a wide spectrum of viruses, but showed that immunity levels were highest with Sindbis, West Nile, Wesselsbron, Bunyamwera and Germiston viruses. The results of yellow fever neutralization tests with sera collected in the Okavango Basin during 2 previous surveys are reviewed. The present survey offers no conclusive evidence that this virus has been active among the population sampled.read more
Citations
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Mosquito-borne arboviruses of African origin: review of key viruses and vectors
Leo Braack,A. Paulo Gouveia Almeida,A. Paulo Gouveia Almeida,Anthony J. Cornel,Anthony J. Cornel,Robert Swanepoel,Christiaan De Jager +6 more
TL;DR: The conclusion reached is that increased human population growth in decades ahead coupled with increased international travel and trade is likely to sustain and increase the threat of further geographical spread of current and new arboviral disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Endocytosis of Chikungunya Virus into Mammalian Cells: Role of Clathrin and Early Endosomal Compartments
TL;DR: It is found that CHIKV infection of HEK293T mammalian cells is independent of clathrin heavy chain and- dependent of functional Eps15, and requires integrity of Rab5-, but not Rab7-positive endosomal compartment.
Journal Article
Antibodies against some viruses of domestic animals in southern African wild animals
TL;DR: Twenty-four species of South African wild animals were tested for the presence of antibodies against the viruses of 16 common diseases of domestic animals, finding that most viruses were more prevalent in the high-rainfall zone in KwaZulu-Natal.
Journal ArticleDOI
Rift Valley fever in rural northern Senegal: human risk factors and potential vectors.
M.L. Wilson,Louisa E. Chapman,David B. Hall,Elizabeth A. Dykstra,Khalilou Ba,Hervé Zeller,Moumouni Traore-Lamizana,Jean-Paul Hervy,Kenneth J. Linthicum,Clarence J. Peters +9 more
TL;DR: RVF is endemic in this region, people are at considerable risk of infection, and that a heretofore unrecognized mode of human infection under nonepizootic conditions may be transmission via contact with infected animals or humans.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evolutionary rates and timescale comparison of Chikungunya viruses inferred from the whole genome/E1 gene with special reference to the 2005-07 outbreak in the Indian subcontinent
Sarah S. Cherian,Atul M. Walimbe,Santosh Jadhav,S. S. Gandhe,Supriya L. Hundekar,Akhilesh C. Mishra,Vidya A. Arankalle +6 more
TL;DR: The study confirms the epidemiological data, specifically with regard to the re-emergence of CHikV and throws light on the evolutionary dynamics of CHIK viruses.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Techniques for hemagglutination and hemagglutination-inhibition with arthropod-borne viruses.
D H Clarke,J Casals +1 more
TL;DR: A description of the procedures currently in use in The Rockefeller Foundation Virus Laboratories, some of which were initially developed elsewhere; of those developed in this laboratory, most aspects have not been previously reported.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Newala epidemic. III. The virus: isolation, pathogenic properties and relationship to the epidemic.
TL;DR: This report on a large outbreak of disease, known locally as ‘Chikungunya’, in the Newala district of Tanganyika concerns the circumstances of isolation of strains of virus, some of their properties, and their relation to the epidemic.
Journal ArticleDOI
Production of immunity to dengue with virus modified by propagation in mice
TL;DR: Although it was evident that even after 2 serial passages in mice the virus produced a modified type of disease in human beings, tests with the 7th, 9th and 10th passage material indicated that the modification had become so marked that it could be used as a vaccine for the production of immunity against dengue.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sindbis Virus: a Newly Recognized Arthropod-Transmitted Virus.
TL;DR: Sindbis virus, a newly recognized member of the arthropod-transmitted viruses, is described; these include data on its immunological characteristics, distribution in the Nile Valley, vertebrate host range, and transmissibility by arthropods.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Isolation of Arthropod-Borne Viruses, including Members of Two Hitherto Undescribed Serological Groups, in the Amazon Region of Brazil
TL;DR: Arthropod-borne virus studies have been in progress for more than 4 years in a small region with tropical rain forest climate in the Belem area of the Amazon Valley, where 451 strains have been isolated from man, sentinel monkeys), sentinel mice, mosquitoes, mosquitoes and wild animals.
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