Journal ArticleDOI
Systematic Changes in Cerebral Glucose Metabolic Rate After Successful Behavior Modification Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
TLDR
Findings in this study replicate and extend previous findings of changes in caudate nucleus function with behavior therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder.Abstract:
Background: We sought to determine in a new patient sample whether symptomatic improvement in obsessivecompulsive disorder treated with behavior modification is accompanied by significant changes in glucose metabolic rates in the caudate nucleus, measured with positron emission tomography, as seen in a previous study. Second, by combining samples from this and the previous study, we also examined whether there were pathologic correlational relationships among brain activity in the orbital cortex, caudate nucleus, and thalamus that obtained before behavioral treatment of obsessivecompulsive disorder, but that decreased significantly with symptom improvement. Methods: Nine patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder were studied with positron emission tomography before and after 10 weeks of structured exposure and response prevention behavioral and cognitive treatment. Results were analyzed both alone and combined with those from nine similar subjects from the previous study. Results: Behavior therapy responders had significant (P Conclusions: These results replicate and extend previous findings of changes in caudate nucleus function with behavior therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder. A prefrontal cortico-striato-thalamic brain system is implicated in mediation of symptoms of obsessivecompulsive disorder.read more
Citations
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Basal ganglia and cerebellar loops: motor and cognitive circuits.
TL;DR: Some of the new anatomical, physiological and behavioral findings that have contributed to a reappraisal of function concerning the basal ganglia and cerebellar loops with the cerebral cortex are reviewed.
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A New Intellectual Framework for Psychiatry
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The basal ganglia and chunking of action repertoires.
TL;DR: It is proposed that one aspect of basal ganglia-based learning is the recoding of cortically derived information within the striatum that can chunk the representations of motor and cognitive action sequences so that they can be implemented as performance units.
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Building neural representations of habits.
TL;DR: Large and widely distributed changes in the neuronal activity patterns occurred in the sensorimotor striatum during behavioral acquisition, culminating in task-related activity emphasizing the beginning and end of the automatized procedure.
References
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The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale: I. Development, Use, and Reliability
Wayne K. Goodman,Lawrence H. Price,Steven A. Rasmussen,Carolyn M. Mazure,Roberta L. Fleischmann,Candy L. Hill,George R. Heninger,Dennis S. Charney +7 more
TL;DR: In a study involving four raters and 40 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder at various stages of treatment, interrater reliability for the total Yale-Brown Scale score and each of the 10 individual items was excellent, with high degree of internal consistency among all item scores demonstrated with Cronbach's alpha coefficient.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale: II. Validity
Wayne K. Goodman,Lawrence H. Price,Steven A. Rasmussen,Carolyn M. Mazure,Pedro L. Delgado,George R. Heninger,Dennis S. Charney +6 more
TL;DR: Results from a previously reported placebo-controlled trial of fluvoxamine in 42 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder showed that the Yale- Brown Scale was sensitive to drug-induced changes and that reductions in Yale-Brown Scale scores specifically reflected improvement in obsessive- compulsive disorder symptoms.
Journal ArticleDOI
Caudate glucose metabolic rate changes with both drug and behavior therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Lewis R. Baxter,Jeffrey M. Schwartz,Kenneth S. Bergman,Martin P. Szuba,Barry H. Guze,John C. Mazziotta,Adina Alazraki,Carl Selin,Huan-Kwang Ferng,Paul Munford,Michael E. Phelps +10 more
TL;DR: Right orbital cortex/hem was significantly correlated with ipsilateral Cd/hem and thalamus/hem before treatment but not after, and the differences before and after treatment were significant, suggesting a brain circuit involving these brain regions may mediate obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms.
Journal ArticleDOI
Differential effects of fornix and caudate nucleus lesions on two radial maze tasks: evidence for multiple memory systems.
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