Open AccessJournal Article
Temperature fields produced by traveling distributed heat sources
Thomas W. Eagar,N. S Tsai +1 more
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The solution of a traveling distributed heat source on a semi-infinite plate provides information about both the size and the shape of arc weld pools as mentioned in this paper, and the results indicate that both welding process variables (current, arc length and travel speed) and material parameters (thermal diffusivity) have significant effects on weld shape.Abstract:
The solution of a traveling distributed heat source on a semi-infinite plate provides information about both the size and the shape of arc weld pools. The results indicate that both welding process variables (current, arc length and travel speed) and material parameters (thermal diffusivity) have significant effects on weld shape. The theoretical predictions are compared with experimental results on carbon steels, stainless steel, titanium and aluminum with good agreement. 25 references, 23 figures, 1 table.read more
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Thermal control of laser powder bed fusion using deep reinforcement learning
TL;DR: A Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) framework that derives a versatile control strategy for minimizing the likelihood of defects in Laser Powder Bed Fusion is presented.
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A Study of Thermal Behaviour during Submerged Arc Welding
TL;DR: In this article, the authors report on thermal behavior during submerged arc welding considering an oval shaped Gaussian heat source, and the welding process is represented by the energy conservation equation where the moving electrode is incorporated, and subsequently the effect of heat in the weld pool and convection after welding.
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Influence of powder characteristics on the structural and the mechanical properties of additively manufactured Zr-based bulk metallic glass
Jan Wegner,Maximilian Frey,Markus Piechotta,Nico Neuber,Bastian Adam,Sebastian Platt,Lucas Ruschel,Norman Schnell,Sascha Sebastian Riegler,Hao-Ran Jiang,Gerd Witt,Ralf Busch,Stefan Kleszczynski +12 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of the particle size distribution, oxygen contamination, and applied process parameters during the PBF-LB/M of the glass-forming alloy AMZ4 (in at.% Zr59.3Cu28.8Al10.4Nb1.5) on the structural and mechanical properties were evaluated.
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Application of characterization, modelling, and analytics towards understanding process-structure linkages in metallic 3D printing
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present methods for combining process monitoring, thermal modeling and microstructure characterization together to draw process-to-structure relationships in metal additive manufacturing, and discuss heterogeneities in local processing conditions within additively manufactured components and how they affect the resulting material structure.
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Transient Laser Energy Absorption, Co-axial Melt Pool Monitoring, and Relationship to Melt Pool Morphology.
Brandon M. Lane,Ivan Zhirnov,Sergey Mekhontsev,Steven E. Grantham,Richard E. Ricker,Santosh Rauniyar,Kevin Chou +6 more
TL;DR: Using a reflectometer-based instrument to measure the dynamic laser energy absorption during single-line laser scans exemplifies the utility of dynamic laser absorption measurements to inform both the physical nature of the melt pool dynamics, as well as interpretation of process monitoring signals.
References
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Heat treating and melting material with a scanning laser or electron beam
H. E. Cline,T. R. Anthony +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a thermal analysis for laser heating and melting materials is derived for a Gaussian source moving at a constant velocity, where the resulting temperature distribution, cooling rate distribution, and depth of melting are related to the laser spot size, velocity, and power level.
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Heat Intensity and Current Density Distributions at the Anode of High Current, Inert Gas Arcs
TL;DR: In this article, heat and current distributions at the anode of high current arcs in inert gas atmospheres were determined experimentally, and the experimental method consisted of splitting anode, measuring the heat flux and the current to one of the sections as a function of arc position relative to the splitting plane, and calculating therefrom the distribution functions.
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Analysis of Electrode Phenomena in the High-Current Arc
J. D. Cobine,E. E. Burger +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors made an analysis of the phenomena at the electrodes of a high-current short-time arc and showed that the input power density to the anode spot is in the range 5×104 to 1×106 watts/cm2.
Convection in arc weld pools
TL;DR: In this paper, a mathematical model was developed to account for convection and temperature distributions in stationary arc weld pools driven by buoyancy, electromagnetic and surface tension forces, and it was shown that these forces dominate the flow behavior.
Effect of Selenium on GTAW Fusion Zone Geometry
C.R. Heiple,J.R. Roper +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, small additions of selenium to 21-6-9 stainless steel dramatically increase the depth/width ratio of bead-on-plate welds, which is consistent with a model for control of weld fusion zone geometry.