Journal ArticleDOI
TH1 and TH2 cytokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells from HIV-infected patients
Wilma Barcellini,G P Rizzardi,Maria Orietta Borghi,C. Fain,Adriano Lazzarin,Pier Luigi Meroni +5 more
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
In the course of HIV disease mitogen-stimulated IL-2 production decreased, spontaneous and stimulated IL-6 production and spontaneous IL-10 secretion increased, and a switch from a type 1 to a type 2 response occurs in HIV infection.Abstract:
ObjectiveTo study the TH1->TH2 cytokine switch, thought to occur during the progression of HIV infection.DesignWe investigated interleukin (IL)-2, interferon (IFN)-γ, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 production by phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated and unstimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) culread more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Type 1/Type 2 Immunity in Infectious Diseases
Brad Spellberg,John E. Edwards +1 more
TL;DR: T helper type 1 (Th1) lymphocytes secrete secrete interleukin (IL)-2, interferon-gamma, and lymphotoxin-alpha and stimulate type 1 immunity, which is characterized by intense phagocytic activity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Leishmania and human immunodeficiency virus coinfection: the first 10 years.
Jorge Alvar,Carmen Cañavate,Beatriz Gutiérrez-Solar,Maribel Jiménez,Fernando Laguna,Rogelio López-Vélez,Ricardo Molina,Javier Moreno +7 more
TL;DR: Over 850 Leishmania-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection cases have been recorded, the majority in Europe, where 7 to 17% of HIV-positive individuals with fever have amastigotes, suggesting that Leishmanniasis-infected individuals without symptoms will express symptoms of leishmaniasis if they become immunosuppressed.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Th1–Th2 hypothesis of HIV infection: new insights
Mario Clerici,Gene M. Shearer +1 more
TL;DR: A model of activation-induced, cytokine-modulated, programmed cell death as a major factor in the pathogenesis of HIV infection and AIDS is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Type 1 and type 2 cytokine dysregulation in human infectious, neoplastic, and inflammatory diseases.
TL;DR: Clinically, type 1 cytokine-predominant responses should be suspected in any delayed-type hypersensitivity-like granulomatous reactions and in infections with intracellular pathogens, whereas conditions involving hypergammaglobulinemia, increased immunoglobulin E levels, and/or eosinophilia are suggestive of type 2 cytokin- Predominant conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Type 1 and Type 2: a fundamental dichotomy for all T-cell subsets
TL;DR: Type 1 and Type 2 populations of CD8+ and gamma delta T cells can also be generated in vitro and isolated from in vivo situations and their physiological functions are significant.
Related Papers (5)
A TH1→TH2 switch is a critical step in the etiology of HIV infection
Mario Clerici,Gene M. Shearer +1 more