The Biosynthesis of Salicylic Acid in Potato Plants
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
Radiolabeling studies with untreated leaves showed that SA was synthesized from phenylalanine and that both cinnamic and benzoic acid were intermediates in the biosynthesis pathway, and the specific activity of SA was found to be lower when leaves were treated with AA than in control leaves.Abstract:
Spraying potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) leaves with arachidonic acid (AA) at 1500 μg mL−1 led to a rapid local synthesis of salicylic acid (SA) and accumulation of a SA conjugate, which was shown to be 2-O-β-glucopyranosylsalicylic acid. Radiolabeling studies with untreated leaves showed that SA was synthesized from phenylalanine and that both cinnamic and benzoic acid were intermediates in the biosynthesis pathway. Using radiolabeled phenylalanine as a precursor, the specific activity of SA was found to be lower when leaves were treated with AA than in control leaves. Similar results were obtained when leaves were fed with the labeled putative intermediates cinnamic acid and benzoic acid. Application of 2-aminoindan-2-phosphonic acid at 40 μm, an inhibitor of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, prior to treatment with AA inhibited the local accumulation of SA. When the putative intermediates were applied to leaves in the presence of 2-aminoindan-2-phosphonic acid, about 40% of the expected accumulation of free SA was recovered, but the amount of the conjugate remained constant.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Contrasting Mechanisms of Defense Against Biotrophic and Necrotrophic Pathogens
TL;DR: This review summarizes results from Arabidopsis-pathogen systems regarding the contributions of various defense responses to resistance to several biotrophic and necrotrophic pathogens.
Journal ArticleDOI
Isochorismate synthase is required to synthesize salicylic acid for plant defence
TL;DR: By cloning and characterizing an Arabidopsis defence-related gene (SID2) defined by mutation, it is shown that SA is synthesized from chorismate by means of ICS, and that SA made by this pathway is required for LAR and SAR responses.
Journal ArticleDOI
Salicylic acid beyond defence: its role in plant growth and development.
TL;DR: The evidence that supports the role of SA during plant growth and development is reviewed by comparing experiments performed by exogenous application of SA with analysis of genotypes affected by SA levels and/or perception.
Journal ArticleDOI
Functional Analysis of the Arabidopsis PAL Gene Family in Plant Growth, Development, and Response to Environmental Stress
TL;DR: It is found that three independent pal1 pal2 double mutants were fertile and generated yellow seeds due to the lack of condensed tannin pigments in the seed coat, and PAL1 and PAL2 have a redundant role in flavonoid biosynthesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Salicylic Acid Biosynthesis and Metabolism
TL;DR: An integrated model, encompassing current knowledge of SA metabolism in Arabidopsis, as well as the influence other plant hormones exert on SA metabolism, is presented.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
H2O2 from the oxidative burst orchestrates the plant hypersensitive disease resistance response
TL;DR: It is reported here that H2O2 from this oxidative burst not only drives the cross-linking of cell wall structural proteins, but also functions as a local trigger of programmed death in challenged cells and as a diffusible signal for the induction in adjacent cells of genes encoding cellular protectants.
Journal ArticleDOI
Requirement of Salicylic Acid for the Induction of Systemic Acquired Resistance
Thomas Gaffney,Leslie Friedrich,Bernard Vernooij,David Vincent Negrotto,Gordon Nye,Scott Uknes,Eric R. Ward,Helmut Kessmann,John Ryals +8 more
TL;DR: Salicylic acid is essential for the development of systemic acquired resistance in tobacco and was investigated in transgenic tobacco plants harboring a bacterial gene encoding salicylate hydroxylase.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Central Role of Salicylic Acid in Plant Disease Resistance
Terrence P. Delaney,Scott Uknes,Bernard Vernooij,Leslie Friedrich,Kris Weymann,David Vincent Negrotto,Thomas Gaffney,Manuela Gut-Rella,Helmut Kessmann,Eric R. Ward,John Ryals +10 more
TL;DR: Transgenic tobacco and Arabidopsis thaliana expressing the bacterial enzyme salicylate hydroxylase cannot accumulate salicylic acid, which makes the plants unable to induce systemic acquired resistance, but also leads to increased susceptibility to viral, fungal, and bacterial pathogens.
Journal ArticleDOI
Coordinate Gene Activity in Response to Agents That Induce Systemic Acquired Resistance.
Eric R. Ward,Scott Uknes,Williams Shericca Cherrer,Sandra Dincher,Deanna L. Wiederhold,Danny C. Alexander,Patricia Ahl-Goy,Jean-Pierre Métraux,John Ryals +8 more
TL;DR: It is shown that the onset of SAR correlates with the coordinate induction of nine classes of mRNAs, consistent with the hypothesis that induced resistance results at least partially from coordinate expression of these SAR genes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Salicylic acid : a likely endogenous signal in the resistance response of tobacco to viral infection
TL;DR: Findings suggest that salicylic acid functions as the natural transduction signal in resistant, but not susceptible, cultivars that synthesize pathogenesis-related proteins upon infection.