Journal ArticleDOI
Systemic acquired resistance
W.E. Durrant,Xinnian Dong +1 more
TLDR
A model describing the sequence of events leading from initial infection to the induction of defense genes is presented and exciting new data suggest that the mobile signal for SAR might be a lipid molecule.Abstract:
Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is a mechanism of induced defense that confers long-lasting protection against a broad spectrum of microorganisms. SAR requires the signal molecule salicylic acid (SA) and is associated with accumulation of pathogenesis-related proteins, which are thought to contribute to resistance. Much progress has been made recently in elucidating the mechanism of SAR. Using the model plant Arabidopsis, it was discovered that the isochorismate pathway is the major source of SA during SAR. In response to SA, the positive regulator protein NPR1 moves to the nucleus where it interacts with TGA transcription factors to induce defense gene expression, thus activating SAR. Exciting new data suggest that the mobile signal for SAR might be a lipid molecule. We discuss the molecular and genetic data that have contributed to our understanding of SAR and present a model describing the sequence of events leading from initial infection to the induction of defense genes.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The plant immune system
TL;DR: A detailed understanding of plant immune function will underpin crop improvement for food, fibre and biofuels production and provide extraordinary insights into molecular recognition, cell biology and evolution across biological kingdoms.
Journal ArticleDOI
Contrasting Mechanisms of Defense Against Biotrophic and Necrotrophic Pathogens
TL;DR: This review summarizes results from Arabidopsis-pathogen systems regarding the contributions of various defense responses to resistance to several biotrophic and necrotrophic pathogens.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Top 10 fungal pathogens in molecular plant pathology
Ralph A. Dean,Jan A. L. van Kan,Zacharias A. Pretorius,Kim E. Hammond-Kosack,Antonio Di Pietro,Pietro Spanu,Jason J. Rudd,Martin B. Dickman,Regine Kahmann,Jeff Ellis,Gary D. Foster +10 more
TL;DR: A short resumé of each fungus in the Top 10 list and its importance is presented, with the intent of initiating discussion and debate amongst the plant mycology community, as well as laying down a bench-mark.
Journal ArticleDOI
Significance of Inducible Defense-related Proteins in Infected Plants
TL;DR: The evolutionary conservation of similar defense-related proteins in monocots and dicots, but also their divergent occurrence in other conditions, suggest that these proteins serve essential functions in plant life, whether in defense or not.
Journal ArticleDOI
Salicylic Acid, a multifaceted hormone to combat disease.
TL;DR: Genetic studies reveal an increasingly complex network of proteins required for SA-mediated defense signaling, and this process is amplified by several regulatory feedback loops.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
MYB transcription factors in Arabidopsis
TL;DR: The elucidation ofMYB protein function and regulation that is possible in Arabidopsis will provide the foundation for predicting the contributions of MYB proteins to the biology of plants in general.
Journal ArticleDOI
Systemic resistance induced by rhizosphere bacteria
TL;DR: Rhizobacteria-mediated induced systemic resistance (ISR) is effective under field conditions and offers a natural mechanism for biological control of plant disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Isochorismate synthase is required to synthesize salicylic acid for plant defence
TL;DR: By cloning and characterizing an Arabidopsis defence-related gene (SID2) defined by mutation, it is shown that SA is synthesized from chorismate by means of ICS, and that SA made by this pathway is required for LAR and SAR responses.
Journal ArticleDOI
Systemic Acquired Resistance.
John Ryals,Urs Neuenschwander,Michael G. Willits,Antonio Molina,Henry-York Steiner,Michelle D. Hunt +5 more
Journal ArticleDOI
The families of pathogenesis-related proteins, their activities, and comparative analysis of PR-1 type proteins
L.C. van Loon,E.A. Van Strien +1 more
TL;DR: SAR, likewise, is a generally occurring phenomenon, that engenders an enhancement of the defensive capacity of plants in response to necrotizing infections, associated with the development of systemic acquired resistance (SAR) against further infection by fungi, bacteria and viruses.