Journal ArticleDOI
The dependence of offshore turbulence intensity on wind speed
Matthias Türk,Stefan Emeis +1 more
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In this paper, four years of 10min mean wind data from the offshore measuring platform FINO1 (Forschung in Nord-und Ostsee 1) in the German Bight have been analyzed to obtain the dependence of turbulence intensity on the wind speed.About:
This article is published in Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics.The article was published on 2010-08-01. It has received 104 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Roughness length & Wind profile power law.read more
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The impact of turbulence intensity and atmospheric stability on power deficits due to wind turbine wakes at Horns Rev wind farm
TL;DR: In this paper, the power deficit along rows of wind turbines have been determined for different inflow directions and wind speed intervals, and a method to classify the atmospheric stability based on the Bulk-Ri number has been implemented.
BookDOI
Green Energy and Technology
Hatim Machrafi,Abourriche Abdelkrim,Abourriche Abdelmjid,Bandyopadhyay Santanu,Marc Birot,Glasnovic Zvonimir,Huang Zhijia,Kazim Ayoub,Komninos Neofytos P.,Liu Haifeng,Margeta Jure,Narodoslawsky Michael,Oumam Mina,Pailler René,Sierens Roger,Stoeglehner Gernot,Takeshita Takayuki,Verhelst Sebastian,Yao Mingfa +18 more
TL;DR: Green Energy and Technology as discussed by the authors is a monograph series for scientific and technological approaches to "green" i.e., environmentally friendly and sustainable technologies, focusing on energy and power supply, while a focus lies on green solutions in industrial engineering and engineering design.
Journal ArticleDOI
First in situ evidence of wakes in the far field behind offshore wind farms
Andreas Platis,Simon Siedersleben,Jens Bange,Astrid Lampert,Konrad Bärfuss,Rudolf Hankers,Beatriz Cañadillas,Richard Foreman,Johannes Schulz-Stellenfleth,Bughsin Djath,Thomas Neumann,Stefan Emeis +11 more
TL;DR: The first direct in situ measurements of the existence and shape of large wind farm wakes by a specially equipped research aircraft in 2016 and 2017 confirm wake lengths of more than tens of kilometres under stable atmospheric conditions, with maximum wind speed deficits of 40%, and enhanced turbulence.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characterization of wind turbulence by higher‐order statistics
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a synthetic time series based on the superposition of one-pointstatistics, and show how it naturally fails to reproduce information of general two-point statistics.
Journal ArticleDOI
Simplified critical mudline bending moment spectra of offshore wind turbine support structures
TL;DR: In this article, a generalized attempt has been made to evaluate the relative magnitudes of these four loadings by transforming them into bending moment spectra using site-specific and turbine-specific data.
References
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Book
An Introduction to Boundary Layer Meteorology
TL;DR: In this article, the boundary layer is defined as the boundary of a boundary layer, and the spectral gap is used to measure the spectral properties of the boundary layers of a turbulent flow.
Journal ArticleDOI
Open Ocean Momentum Flux Measurements in Moderate to Strong Winds
W. G. Large,Stephen Pond +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a comparison of the dissipation and Reynolds flux results shows excellent agreement on average, for wind speeds from 4 to 20 m s−1, for a modified Gill propeller-vane anemometer was used to measure the velocity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Wind stress on a water surface
TL;DR: In this paper, the vertical distribution of horizontal mean wind in the lowest 8 metres over a reservoir (1·6 km × 1 km) has been measured using sensitive anemometers freely exposed from a fixed mast in water 16 m deep, the fetch being more than 1 km.
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Review of Drag Coefficients over Oceans and Continents
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of wind stress and wind profiles over the ocean reported in the literature over the past 10 years are consistent with Charnock's (1955) relation between aerodynamic roughness length (z0) and friction velocity (u*), viz, z0= αu*2/g, with α= 0.41±0.0144 and g= 9.81 m s−2.
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Wind Stress and Heat Flux over the Ocean in Gale Force Winds
TL;DR: In this paper, an offshore stable platform has been instrumented with wind turbulence, temperature and wave height sensors, and data from this platform have been analyzed by the eddy correlation method to obtain wind stress and heat flux at wind speeds from 6 to 22 m s−1 in a deep-water wave regime, significantly extending the range of available measurements.