Journal ArticleDOI
The effect of nitrogen and growth regulators on stem and root characteristics associated with lodging in two cultivars of winter wheat
M.J. Crook,A.R. Ennos +1 more
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The effects of nitrogen and plant growth regulators (stem shorteners) on root and shoot characteristics associated with lodging resistance were investigated in two winter wheat cultivars of contrasting lodging resistance: the susceptible Galahad and the resistant Hereward.Abstract:
The effects of nitrogen and plant growth regulators (stem shorteners) on root and shoot characteristics associated with lodging resistance were investigated in two winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars of contrasting lodging resistance: the susceptible Galahad and the resistant Hereward. The morphology and mechanical strength of the stems and anchorage systems grown at two levels of nitrogen and with or without growth regulators were measured and related to the incidence of lodging recorded in a field trial. In both cultivars high levels of nitrogen increased the height of the stem, thereby increasing the 'self-weight' moment transmitted into the ground and weakened both the stems and the anchorage coronal roots. As a result, the anchorage strength was also reduced, plants failing in the root system in simulated lodging tests. Growth regulators, in contrast, had little effect on the bending strength of the shoots and root systems, but reduced plant height so that the overturning moments generated by the weight of the shoot were less. There were also differences between cultivars: Galahad plants had weaker anchorage due to the smaller number and lower strength of the coronal roots. The morphological and mechanical measures were used to calculate a safety factor against both stem and root lodging. Five factors were found to influence the safety factors, these were: cultivar type, the type of lodging, the rate of nitrogen and growth regulator application, and time, being lowest in Galahad plants at high levels of nitrogen and without growth regulators and at grain filling when the ears were heaviest. This was consistent with the observed pattern of lodging: root lodging occurred at grain filling and only in Galahad which had been treated with high nitrogen rates, most strongly in plants without growth regulators.read more
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Book ChapterDOI
Understanding and Reducing Lodging in Cereals
Pete Berry,Mark Sterling,J.H Spink,Christopher Baker,Roger Sylvester-Bradley,Sacha J. Mooney,A.R. Tams,A.R Ennos +7 more
TL;DR: The prospects for continuing to reduce lodging risk through the selection of shorter genotypes may be limited and there does appear to be significant scope for increasing lodging resistance by strengthening the stem and the anchorage system by exploiting the wide genetic variation in these plant characters and through crop management decisions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Lodging resistance of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.): Lignin accumulation and its related enzymes activities due to the application of paclobutrazol or gibberellin acid
TL;DR: Results suggested that the exogenous PP333 or GA3 application significantly changed the risk of lodging occurred not only by altering the plant height but also byChanging the physical strength of the basal part of the culm internode, especially, altering the lignin accumulation and its related enzymes activities in basal internode.
Journal ArticleDOI
Controlling plant form through husbandry to minimise lodging in wheat
Pete Berry,James M. Griffin,Roger Sylvester-Bradley,R. K. Scott,J.H Spink,Christopher Baker,R. W. Clare +6 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that new genotypes are needed to achieve lodging-proof wheat crops, particularly to provide stronger basal internodes and a wider root plate per shoot.
Book ChapterDOI
The management of wheat, barley, and oat root systems
TL;DR: Under many conditions, the root system does not appear to limit crop growth or yield and is more than adequate for maintaining the supply of nutrients and water to the shoot, but an understanding of how root systems behave in changing environments allows the risks of root limitation to be minimized.
Journal ArticleDOI
Quantitative trait loci for lodging resistance in a segregating wheat×spelt population
TL;DR: In a segregating population of 226 recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross of the lodging-resistant wheat variety Forno with the susceptible spelt variety Oberkulmer, the most efficient way to improve lodging resistance would be by a combination of indirect selection on plant height and culm stiffness together with MAS on the two QTLs for lodging resistance which did not coincide with Q TLs for morphological traits.