Journal ArticleDOI
The Effect of Retention Interval on the Confidence–Accuracy Relationship for Eyewitness Identification
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TLDR
Research on the boundary conditions of the confidence–accuracy relationship was extended by varying the retention interval between encoding and identification test by finding that for choosers at both retention intervals there was a meaningful CA relationship and diagnosticity was much stronger at high than low confidence levels.Abstract:
Recent research using a calibration approach indicates that eyewitness confidence assessments obtained immediately after a positive identification decision provide a useful guide as to the likely accuracy of the identification. This study extended research on the boundary conditions of the confidence-accuracy (CA) relationship by varying the retention interval between encoding and identification test. Participants (N = 1,063) viewed one of five different targets in a community setting and attempted an identification from an 8-person target-present or -absent lineup either immediately or several weeks later. Compared to the immediate condition, the delay condition produced greater overconfidence and lower diagnosticity. However, for choosers at both retention intervals there was a meaningful CA relationship and diagnosticity was much stronger at high than low confidence levels.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Relationship Between Eyewitness Confidence and Identification Accuracy: A New Synthesis.
John T. Wixted,Gary L. Wells +1 more
TL;DR: Understanding the information value of eyewitness confidence under pristine testing conditions can help the criminal justice system to simultaneously achieve both of its main objectives: to exonerate the innocent and to convict the guilty.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Confidence-Accuracy Relationship for Eyewitness Identification Decisions: Effects of Exposure Duration, Retention Interval, and Divided Attention
TL;DR: This research investigated whether the CA relationship for eyewitness identification decisions is affected by three, forensically relevant variables: exposure duration, retention interval, and divided attention at encoding.
Journal ArticleDOI
Initial eyewitness confidence reliably predicts eyewitness identification accuracy.
TL;DR: A considerable body of recent empirical work suggests that confidence may be a highly reliable indicator of accuracy at that time, which fits with longstanding theoretical models of recognition memory.
Journal ArticleDOI
Policy and procedure recommendations for the collection and preservation of eyewitness identification evidence.
Gary L. Wells,Margaret Bull Kovera,Amy Bradfield Douglass,Neil Brewer,Christian A. Meissner,John T. Wixted +5 more
TL;DR: The reliability and integrity of eyewitness identification evidence is highly dependent on the procedures used by law enforcement for collecting and preserving the eyewitness evidence, and these nine recommendations can advance the reliability and Integrity of the evidence.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sequential lineup presentation promotes less-biased criterion setting but does not improve discriminability.
Matthew A. Palmer,Neil Brewer +1 more
TL;DR: Sequential (cf. simultaneous) presentation did not influence discriminability, but produced a conservative shift in response bias that resulted in less-biased choosing for sequential than simultaneous lineups, which inform understanding of the effects of lineup presentation mode on eyewitness identification decisions.
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