Journal ArticleDOI
The genetic epidemiology of bulimia nervosa.
Kenneth S. Kendler,C J MacLean,Michael C. Neale,Ronald C. Kessler,Andrew C. Heath,Lindon J. Eaves +5 more
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
The liability to fully syndromal bulimia nervosa, which affects around one in 25 women at some point in their lives, is substantially influenced by both epidemiologic and genetic risk factors.Abstract:
OBJECTIVE The authors seek to clarify, from both an epidemiologic and genetic perspective, the major risk factors for bulimia nervosa and to understand the relationship between narrowly defined bulimia and bulimia-like syndromes. METHOD Personal structured psychiatric interviews were conducted with 2,163 female twins from a population-based register. Psychiatric disorders were assessed using DSM-III-R criteria. RESULTS Lifetime prevalence and risk for narrowly defined bulimia were 2.8% and 4.2%, respectively. Including bulimia-like syndromes increased these estimates to 5.7% and 8.0%, respectively. Risk factors for bulimia included 1) birth after 1960, 2) low paternal care, 3) a history of wide weight fluctuation, dieting, or frequent exercise, 4) a slim ideal body image, 5) low self-esteem, 6) an external locus of control, and 7) high levels of neuroticism. Significant comorbidity was found between bulimia and anorexia nervosa, alcoholism, panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, phobia, and major depression. Proband-wise concordance for narrowly defined bulimia was 22.9% in monozygotic and 8.7% in dizygotic twins. The best-fitting model indicated that familial aggregation was due solely to genetic factors with a heritability of liability of 55%. A multiple threshold model indicated that narrowly defined bulimia nervosa and bulimia-like syndromes represented different levels of severity on the same continuum of liability. CONCLUSIONS The liability to fully syndromal bulimia nervosa, which affects around one in 25 women at some point in their lives, is substantially influenced by both epidemiologic and genetic risk factors. The same factors that influence the risk for narrowly defined bulimia also influence the risk for less severe bulimia-like syndromes.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
The Prevalence and Correlates of Eating Disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication
TL;DR: Eating disorders, although relatively uncommon, represent a public health concern because they are frequently associated with other psychopathology and role impairment, and are frequently under-treated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Risk and maintenance factors for eating pathology: a meta-analytic review
TL;DR: This meta-analytic review of prospective and experimental studies reveals that several accepted risk factors for eating pathology have not received empirical support or have received contradictory support, and the predictive power of individual risk and maintenance factors was limited.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prevalence and Correlates of Eating Disorders in Adolescents: Results From the National Comorbidity Survey Replication Adolescent Supplement
Sonja A. Swanson,Scott J. Crow,Daniel Le Grange,Joel Swendsen,Joel Swendsen,Kathleen R. Merikangas +5 more
TL;DR: Eating disorders and subthreshold eating conditions are prevalent in the general adolescent population and their impact is demonstrated by generally strong associations with other psychiatric disorders, role impairment, and suicidality.
Journal ArticleDOI
Coming to Terms With Risk Factors for Eating Disorders: Application of Risk Terminology and Suggestions for a General Taxonomy
TL;DR: Common risk factors from longitudinal and cross-sectional studies were gender, ethnicity, early childhood eating and gastrointestinal problems, elevated weight and shape concerns, negative self-evaluation, sexual abuse and other adverse experiences, and general psychiatric morbidity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Childhood sexual abuse and adult psychiatric and substance use disorders in women: an epidemiological and cotwin control analysis
Kenneth S. Kendler,Cynthia M. Bulik,Judy L. Silberg,John M. Hettema,John Myers,Carol A. Prescott +5 more
TL;DR: Results are consistent with the hypothesis that CSA is causally related to an increased risk for psychiatric and substance abuse disorders and cannot be explained by background familial factors.
References
More filters
Book
Statistical methods for rates and proportions
TL;DR: In this paper, the basic theory of Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) is used to detect a difference between two different proportions of a given proportion in a single proportion.
Journal ArticleDOI
Statistical Methods for Rates and Proportions
R. L. Plackett,Joseph L. Fleiss +1 more
Book ChapterDOI
Factor Analysis and AIC
TL;DR: The information criterion AIC was introduced to extend the method of maximum likelihood to the multimodel situation by relating the successful experience of the order determination of an autoregressive model to the determination of the number of factors in the maximum likelihood factor analysis as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
A revised version of the Psychoticism scale.
TL;DR: In view of certain psychometric deficiencies of the original psychoticism scale, an attempt was made to improve the scale by adding new items as discussed by the authors, which was attempted to increase the internal reliability of the scale, improve the shape of the distribution and increase the mean and variance score.