Journal ArticleDOI
The molecular structures of starch components and their contribution to the architecture of starch granules: A comprehensive review
Serge Pérez,Eric Bertoft +1 more
TLDR
The structure of the starch granule slowly unravels with new insight into key structural features as discussed by the authors, and the most recent findings for the structure of amylose and amylopectin are reported.Abstract:
Recent developments in methods and instrumentation have contributed to major advances in our understanding of the fine structure of amylose and amylopectin. The structure of the starch granule slowly unravels with new insight into key structural features. Following a brief presentation of the structural features common to all starches, the most recent findings for the structure of amylose and amylopectin are reported. The organization of different types of chains in amylopectin is discussed with a critical review of the 'cluster' model leading to the presentation of alternative models. The locations of molecular components in the starch granule are described according to a progress structural order. The description of the crystalline components is followed by a presentation of their supramolecular arrangements. The crystalline components comprise platelet nanocrystals which have already been identified and characterized, and other less well characterized 'blocklet components'. The location and state of amylose within the granule is also presented. This comprehensive review aims at distinguishing between those structural features that have received widespread acceptance and those that are still under debate, with the ambition of being educational and to provide stimulation for further fundamental investigation into the starch granule as a macromolecular assembly.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Starch retrogradation: a comprehensive review
TL;DR: A comprehensive review of starch retrogadation including the definition of the process, molecular mechanisms of how it occurs, and measurement methods and factors that influence starch retrogradation is provided in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Physicochemical properties, modifications and applications of starches from different botanical sources
TL;DR: The state of knowledge on conventional and unconventional starches and their properties, characteristics, modifications and applications are reviewed in this article, where the authors present trends towards technologies and processes that increase the use of residues make starchy vegetal biomass an important alternative material in various applications due to starch versatility, low cost and ease of use when its physicochemical properties are altered.
Journal ArticleDOI
A review of bioactive plant polysaccharides: Biological activities, functionalization, and biomedical applications
TL;DR: The main goal of this paper was to review the sources, natively biological activities, isolation, characterization, and the structural features of natively bioactive polysaccharides from wood species to maximally exploit their various valuable properties in previously unperceived applications.
Journal ArticleDOI
Molecular disassembly of starch granules during gelatinization and its effect on starch digestibility: a review.
Shujun Wang,Les Copeland +1 more
TL;DR: This review focuses on the molecular disassembly of starch granules during starch gelatinization over a wide range of water levels, and its consequential effect on in vitro starch digestibility and in vivo glycemic index.
Journal ArticleDOI
Starch-based nano-biocomposites
TL;DR: A review of the state-of-the-art in the field of starch-based nano-biocomposites can be found in this article, where various types of nanofillers that have been used with plasticised starch are discussed such as phyllosilicates, hectorite, sepiolite, etc.
References
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Book
Starch : chemistry and technology
TL;DR: Starch: Chemistry and Technology, Second Edition as discussed by the authors focuses on the chemistry, processes, methodologies, applications, and technologies involved in the processing of starch, including the history and future expectation of starch use, economics and future of the starch industry, and the genetics and physiology of starch development.
Journal ArticleDOI
Starch granules: structure and biosynthesis.
TL;DR: This review will focus first on the present understanding of the structures of amylose and amylopectin and their organization within the granule, and then on the biosynthetic mechanisms explaining the biogenesis of starch in plants.
Journal ArticleDOI
Starch-composition, fine structure and architecture
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the current state of knowledge about starch structure in perspective and integrating aspects of starch composition, interactions, architecture and functionality is presented, and the authors highlight the need to understand in more depth the structure of starch granules and how this complex organisation controls functionality.
Journal ArticleDOI
Composition, molecular structure, and physicochemical properties of tuber and root starches: a review.
TL;DR: The major carbohydrate of tuber and root crops is starch, which accounts for 16-24% of their total weight as mentioned in this paper, and substantial progress has been made in understanding the relationship between starch structure and physicochemical properties.
Journal ArticleDOI
The roles of amylose and amylopectin in the gelation and retrogradation of starch
TL;DR: In this paper, the retrogradation of starch gels has been studied by using X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and measurements of the shear modulus.