Journal ArticleDOI
The physical and chemical properties of electroless nickel–phosphorus alloys and low reflectance nickel–phosphorus black surfaces
TLDR
In this article, the influence of pre-etch phosphorus composition and etching method on the resulting morphology, composition and reflectance of the black surface produced has been examined and an optimum phosphorus composition was proposed to produce low reflectance blacks of 0.4% or lower in the visible region.Abstract:
Novel insights into the manufacture of nickel–phosphorus black surfaces by chemical etching of electroless-deposited Ni–P alloy has been achieved by examining the influence of pre-etch phosphorus composition and etching method on the resulting morphology, composition and reflectance of the black surface produced. An optimum phosphorus composition and etching regime to produce low reflectance blacks of 0.4% or lower in the visible region is proposed. Cross-sectional analysis of the etched surface has allowed, for the first time, an accurate determination of the scale of the enhanced morphologies produced and the thickness of the oxidised black layer itself. AFM studies have also provided information on the phase structure of the as-deposited Ni–P alloy.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Structural absorption by barbule microstructures of super black bird of paradise feathers
TL;DR: Physical structure is known to contribute to the appearance of bird plumage through structural color and specular reflection, but a third mechanism, structural absorption, leads to low reflectance and super black color in birds of paradise feathers.
Journal ArticleDOI
A black body absorber from vertically aligned single-walled carbon nanotubes
Kohei Mizuno,Juntaro Ishii,Hideo Kishida,Yuhei Hayamizu,Satoshi Yasuda,Don N. Futaba,Motoo Yumura,Kenji Hata +7 more
TL;DR: Among all known materials, it is found that a forest of vertically aligned single-walled carbon nanotubes behaves most similarly to a black body, a theoretical material that absorbs all incident light.
Journal ArticleDOI
Electroless nickel, alloy, composite and nano coatings – A critical review
J. Sudagar,Jianshe Lian,Wei Sha +2 more
TL;DR: The development of metal deposition processes based on electroless nickel, alloy and composite coatings on various surfaces has witnessed a surge in interest among researchers, with many recent applications made possible from many excellent properties as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
ALICE: The Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrograph Aboard the New Horizons Pluto–Kuiper Belt Mission
S. Alan Stern,David C. Slater,John Scherrer,John Stone,G. J. Dirks,Maarten H. Versteeg,Michael W. Davis,G. Randall Gladstone,Joel Wm. Parker,Leslie A. Young,Oswald H. W. Siegmund +10 more
TL;DR: The ALICE instrument is a lightweight (4.4 kg) imaging spectrograph aboard the New Horizons mission to the Pluto system and the Kuiper Belt as mentioned in this paper, which is used to determine the relative abundances of various species in Pluto's atmosphere.
Journal ArticleDOI
Structurally assisted blackness in butterfly scales
TL;DR: The optical absorption associated with black wing regions on the butterfly Papilio ulysses is quantified and it is found that the nano–structure of the wing scales of these regions contributes significantly to their black appearance.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Ultimate thickness to bandwidth ratio of radar absorbers
Abstract: Analytic properties of the reflection coefficient of a multilayer metal-backed slab are considered. The result is a new form of the dispersion relationship, which characterizes the integral of the reflectance over wavelength in terms of the total thickness and averaged static permeability of the slab. The relation may be transformed to an inequality, which produces the least thickness to bandwidth ratio achievable for a physically realizable radar absorber. The particular cases of broad-band and narrow-band absorbers are discussed. The least thickness of a 10-dB broad-band dielectric radar absorber is shown to be 1/17 of the largest operating wavelength. The discussion also involves the results of a numerical study.
Journal Article
Nickel plating on steel by chemical reduction
A. Brenner,G. E. Riddell +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a process was developed for the production of adherent nickel deposits of good quality on steel without the use of an electric current, which was brought about by chemical reduction of a nickel salt with hypophosphites in a hot ammoniacal solution.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nickel plating on steel by chemical reduction
A. Brenner,G. E. Riddell +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a process was developed for the production of adherent nickel deposits of good quality on steel without the use of an electric current, which was brought about by chemical reduction of a nickel salt with hypophosphites in a hot ammoniacal solution.