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The Political Economy of the United Nations Security Council: Money and Influence

TLDR
A theory of trading Security Council votes for aid was proposed in this article, where punishments, threats, and rewards were used to punish, threaten, and reward members of the Security Council.
Abstract
1. Money and politics on the international stage 2. A theory of trading Security Council votes for aid 3. Examples of punishments, threats, and rewards 4. Who wins election to represent the world? 5. Statistical evidence of trading finance for favors 6. Consequences of politically motivated foreign aid 7. Reforming the security council?

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Apples and Dragon Fruits: The Determinants of Aid and Other Forms of State Financing from China to Africa

TL;DR: The authors found that the allocation of Chinese official development assistance to Africa was driven primarily by foreign policy considerations, while economic interests better explain the distribution of less concessional flows, highlighting the need for better measures of an increasingly diverse set of non-Western financial activities.
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The Impact of UN and US Economic Sanctions on GDP Growth

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors empirically assess how economic sanctions imposed by the United Nations and the United States affect the target states' GDP growth and find that on average, the imposition of UN sanctions decreases the target state's annual real per capita GDP growth rate by more than 2 percentage points.
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Apples and Dragon Fruits: The Determinants of Aid and Other Forms of State Financing from China to Africa

TL;DR: This article found that the allocation of Chinese ODA to Africa was driven primarily by foreign policy considerations, while economic interests better explain the distribution of less concessional forms of Chinese official financing.
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Aid and growth: New evidence using an excludable instrument

TL;DR: This paper used an excludable instrument to test the effect of foreign aid on economic growth in a sample of 96 recipient countries over the 1974-2009 period and found no significant effect of aid on growth in the overall sample.
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Aid Allocation and Targeted Development in an Increasingly Connected World

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present empirical analysis of aid allocation from 1973 to 2012 and show that, while explanations based on security and economic ties to the donor explain allocation well in the Cold War, the post-2001 period is best understood by incorporating a role for targeted development.
References
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Sample Selection Bias as a Specification Error

James J. Heckman
- 01 Jan 1979 - 
TL;DR: In this article, the bias that results from using non-randomly selected samples to estimate behavioral relationships as an ordinary specification error or "omitted variables" bias is discussed, and the asymptotic distribution of the estimator is derived.
Book

The Strategy of Conflict

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors propose a theory of interdependent decision based on the Retarded Science of International Strategy (RSIS) for non-cooperative games and a solution concept for "noncooperative" games.
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