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Journal ArticleDOI

The relation between socioeconomic status and academic achievement.

Karl R. White
- 01 May 1982 - 
- Vol. 91, Iss: 3, pp 461-481
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TLDR
This article found that SES is only weakly correlated with academic achievement, and with aggregated units of analysis, typically obtained correlations between SES and academic achievement jump to.73.
Abstract
Although it is widely believed that socioeconomic status (SES) is strongly correlated with measures of academic achievement, weak and moderate correlations are frequently reported. Using meta-analysis techniques, almost 200 studies that considered the relation between SES and academic achievement were examined. Results indicated that as SES is typically defined (income, education, and/or occupation of household heads) and typically used (individuals as the unit of analysis), SES is only weakly correlated (r = .22) with academic achievement, With aggregated units of analysis, typically obtained correlations between SES and academic achievement jump to .73. Family characteristics, such as home atmosphere, sometimes incorrectly referred to as SES, are substantially correlated with academic achievement when individuals are the unit of analysis (r = .55). Factors such as grade level at which the measurement was taken, type of academic achievement measure, type of SES measure, and the year in which the data were collected are significantly correlated statistically with the magnitude of the correlation between academic achievement and SES. Variables considered in the meta-analysis accounted for 75% of the variance in observed correlation coefficients in the studies examined.

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On the Importance of Parental Participation for Student Achievement in Reading Literacy

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Book ChapterDOI

Young Children’s Literacy Experiences in Home and School

TL;DR: For decades, young children's literacy development was viewed through the lenses associated with the reading readiness perspective as discussed by the authors, and when young children were tested on reading readiness measures such as letter naming and auditory and visual discrimination, they were often seen as deficient in literacy skills.
Dissertation

The effects of stereotype threat on the test performance and task choices of women

Paul R. Jones
TL;DR: Jones et al. as mentioned in this paper found that women performed worse on a math test after receiving the gender differences instructional set when compared to their male counterparts, but no gender differences emerged when women and men received a gender fair instructional set.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Primary, Secondary, and Meta-Analysis of Research

TL;DR: The meta-analysis of research as discussed by the authors is an important feature of the research and evaluation enterprise, and it has been widely used in the field of computer science and computer engineering, especially in the context of education.
Book

Inequality : a reassessment of the effect of family and schooling in America

TL;DR: Most Americans say they believe in equality. But when pressed to explain what they mean by this, their definitions are usually full of contradictions as mentioned in this paper. But most Americans also believe that some people are more competent than others, and that this will always be so, no matter how much we reform society.