Journal ArticleDOI
The role of the insular cortex in temporal lobe epilepsy.
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TLDR
The fact that seizures originating in the insular cortex are not influenced by temporal lobectomy is likely to explain some of the failures of this surgical procedure in TLE.Abstract:
The role of the insular cortex in the genesis of temporal lobe epileptic (TLE) seizures has been investigated in 21 patients with drug-refractory TLE using chronic depth stereotactic recordings of the insular cortex activity and video recordings of ictal symptoms during 81 spontaneous electroclinical seizures. All of the recorded seizures were found to invade the insula, most often after a relay in the ipsilateral hippocampus (19/21 patients). However, 2 patients had seizures that originated in the insular cortex itself. Ictal symptoms associated with the insular discharges were similar to those usually attributed to mesial temporal lobe seizures, so that scalp video-electroencephalographic monitoring does not permit making any difference between ictal symptoms of temporo-mesial and insular discharges. A favorable outcome was obtained after a temporal cortectomy sparing the insular cortex in 15 of 17 operated patients. Seizures propagating to the insular cortex were found to be fully controlled by surgery, whereas those originating in the insular cortex persisted after temporal cortectomy. The fact that seizures originating in the insular cortex are not influenced by temporal lobectomy is likely to explain some of the failures of this surgical procedure in TLE.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Co-Planar Stereotaxic Atlas of the Human Brain—3-Dimensional Proportional System: An Approach to Cerebral Imaging, J. Talairach, P. Tournoux. Georg Thieme Verlag, New York (1988), 122 pp., 130 figs. DM 268
Journal ArticleDOI
Presurgical evaluation of epilepsy.
Felix Rosenow,Hans Lüders +1 more
TL;DR: The current diagnostic techniques used in the definition of these cortical zones, such as video-EEG monitoring, MRI and ictal single photon emission computed tomography, are discussed and possible future developments that might lead to a more direct definition of the epileptogenic zone are presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Decreased volume of left and total anterior insular lobule in schizophrenia
Nikos Makris,Nikos Makris,Jill M. Goldstein,David N. Kennedy,Steven M. Hodge,Verne S. Caviness,Stephen V. Faraone,Stephen V. Faraone,Ming T. Tsuang,Larry J. Seidman +9 more
TL;DR: The total insula volumes, and the left aINS(lbl) in particular, were significantly volumetrically smaller in schizophrenia compared to controls, and significantly correlated with bizarre behavior.
Journal ArticleDOI
Representation of Pain and Somatic Sensation in the Human Insula: a Study of Responses to Direct Electrical Cortical Stimulation
TL;DR: It is found that painful and non-painful somaesthetic representations in the human insula overlap, and lateralization in the right hemisphere of sites where painful sensations were evoked is coherent with the hypothesis of a preponderant role of this hemisphere in species survival.
Journal ArticleDOI
From the neuromatrix to the pain matrix (and back).
TL;DR: The original concept of the “Neuromatrix” as it was initially proposed by Melzack and its subsequent transformation into a pain-specific matrix is reviewed and it is shown that the fraction of the neuronal activity measured using currently available macroscopic functional neuroimaging techniques is likely to be largely unspecific for nociception.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Co-Planar Stereotaxic Atlas of the Human Brain—3-Dimensional Proportional System: An Approach to Cerebral Imaging, J. Talairach, P. Tournoux. Georg Thieme Verlag, New York (1988), 122 pp., 130 figs. DM 268
Book
Surgical treatment of the epilepsies
TL;DR: This work aims toward a surgical cure for epilepsy - the work of Wilder Penfield and his school at the Montreal Neurologic Institute, William Feindel.