Journal ArticleDOI
The sol-gel encapsulation of enzymes
TLDR
The most recent developments in the applications of biocatalysts inside inorganic sol-gel matrices, in particular regarding biosensors and chemical synthesis are presented.Abstract:
In the past decade, the encapsulation of enzymes inside inorganic sol-gel matrices has become a generic method to prepare efficient biocatalysts which are easy to recycle. In this review, the sol-gel processes useful for enzyme encapsulation, (mostly sol-gel silica) are outlined. Then, the most recent developments in the applications of such biocatalysts are presented, in particular regarding biosensors and chemical synthesis. Finally, a special attention is addressed to the types of interactions which are considered to prevail between the enzyme or the substrates and products, and the matrix, in these materials.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Enzyme immobilisation in biocatalysis : Why, what and how
Roger A. Sheldon,Sander van Pelt +1 more
TL;DR: An overview of the why, what and how of enzyme immobilisation for use in biocatalysis is presented and emphasis is placed on relatively recent developments, such as the use of novel supports such as mesoporous silicas, hydrogels, and smart polymers, and cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs).
Journal ArticleDOI
Enzyme immobilization: The quest for optimum performance
TL;DR: Different methods for the immobilization of enzymes are critically reviewed, with emphasis on relatively recent developments, such as the use of novel supports, e.g., mesoporous silicas, hydrogels, and smart polymers, novel entrapment methods and cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs).
Journal ArticleDOI
Understanding enzyme immobilisation
TL;DR: This tutorial review focuses on the understanding of enzyme immobilisation, which can address the issue of enzymatic instability.
Journal ArticleDOI
Advances in enzyme immobilisation
TL;DR: Improvements in current strategies for carrier-based immobilisation have been developed using hetero-functionalised supports that enhance the binding efficacy and stability through multipoint attachment, and promise to enhance the roles of immobilisation enzymes in industry, while opening the door for novel applications.
Journal ArticleDOI
Recent bio-applications of sol–gel materials
TL;DR: The considerable efforts devoted to the biomimetic elaboration of mineral structures suggest that they might be the key for future development of improved sol–gel materials for bio-applications.
References
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Book
Sol-Gel Science: The Physics and Chemistry of Sol-Gel Processing
TL;DR: Gel-Derived and Conventional Ceramics: as discussed by the authors Theoretical analysis of deformation and flow in gels and a comparison of gel-derived and conventional ceramics.
Sol-gel science
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present and understand the sol-gel processing sequence from beginning to end, including discussions on the chemistry of hydrolysis and condensation of metal-organics and inorganic salts, the growth of polymeric or particulate species in sols, gelation, aging of gels, drying, structure of Gels, and sintering.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sol-gel chemistry of transition metal oxides
TL;DR: In this paper, the preparation of a colloidal colloidal by un procede sol gel is described, and a procedure for determination des proprietes electriques et electrochimiques is described.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chemistry of Aerogels and Their Applications
Alain Pierre,Gerard Pajonk +1 more
TL;DR: Aerogels form a new class of solids showing sophisticated potentialities for a range of applications, and can develop very attractive physical and chemical properties not achievable by other means of low temperature soft chemical synthesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Theory of Molecular Size Distribution and Gel Formation in Branched‐Chain Polymers
TL;DR: The most probable distributions of molecular sizes are calculated for certain types of branched-chain polymers in this paper, which represent an extension of the previous work of Flory, who showed that very large polymeric molecules appear suddenly at a critical extent of reaction, which is predicted to occur very nearly at the experimentally observed gel point.