Journal ArticleDOI
The will and the ways: development and validation of an individual-differences measure of hope.
C. R. Snyder,Cheri Harris,John R. Anderson,Sharon A. Holleran,Lori M. Irving,Sandra T. Sigmon,Lauren Yoshinobu,June Gibb,Charyle Langelle,Pat Harney +9 more
TLDR
An individual-differences measure is developed and construct validational support is provided in regard to predicted goal-setting behaviors; moreover, the hypothesized goal appraisal processes that accompany the various levels of hope are corroborated.Abstract:
Defining hope as a cognitive set that is composed of a reciprocally derived sense of successful (a) agency (goal-directed determination) and (b) pathways (planning of ways to meet goals), an individual-differences measure is developed. Studies demonstrate acceptable internal consistency and test-retest reliability, and the factor structure identifies the agency and pathways components of the Hope Scale. Convergent and discriminant validity are documented, along with evidence suggesting that Hope Scale scores augmented the prediction of goal-related activities and coping strategies beyond other self-report measures. Construct validational support is provided in regard to predicted goal-setting behaviors; moreover, the hypothesized goal appraisal processes that accompany the various levels of hope are corroborated.read more
Citations
More filters
Book
Handbook of positive psychology
C. R. Snyder,Shane J. Lopez +1 more
TL;DR: The Handbook of Positive Psychology as mentioned in this paper provides a forum for a more positive view of the human condition and provides an analysis of what the foremost experts believe to be the fundamental strengths of humankind.
Journal ArticleDOI
Development and validation of the State Hope Scale.
C. R. Snyder,Susie C. Sympson,Florence C. Ybasco,Tyrone F. Borders,Michael A. Babyak,Raymond L. Higgins +5 more
TL;DR: The present 4 studies were designed to develop and validate a measure of state hope and offer a brief, internally consistent, and valid self-report measure of ongoing goal-directed thinking that may be useful to researchers and applied professionals.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hope theory: Rainbows in the mind.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors defined hope as the perceived capability to derive pathways to desired goals, and motivate oneself via agency thinking to use those pathways, and described the adult and child hope scales that are derived from hope theory.
Journal ArticleDOI
The need for and meaning of positive organizational behavior
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors draw from the emerging positive psychology movement and the author's recent articles on the need for and meaning of a positive approach to organizational behavior, making the case that at this time, the OB field needs a proactive, positive approach emphasizing strengths, rather than continuing in the downward spiral of negativity trying to fix weaknesses.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Self-efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioral change.
TL;DR: An integrative theoretical framework to explain and to predict psychological changes achieved by different modes of treatment is presented and findings are reported from microanalyses of enactive, vicarious, and emotive mode of treatment that support the hypothesized relationship between perceived self-efficacy and behavioral changes.
Book
Stress, appraisal, and coping
Richard S. Lazarus,Susan Folkman +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a detailed theory of psychological stress, building on the concepts of cognitive appraisal and coping, which have become major themes of theory and investigation in psychology.
Journal ArticleDOI
An inventory for measuring depression
TL;DR: The difficulties inherent in obtaining consistent and adequate diagnoses for the purposes of research and therapy have been pointed out and a wide variety of psychiatric rating scales have been developed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales.
TL;DR: Two 10-item mood scales that comprise the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) are developed and are shown to be highly internally consistent, largely uncorrelated, and stable at appropriate levels over a 2-month time period.
Journal ArticleDOI
Generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement.
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of reward or reinforcement on preceding behavior depend in part on whether the person perceives the reward as contingent on his own behavior or independent of it, and individuals may also differ in generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement.