Thyroid disorders and polycystic ovary syndrome: An emerging relationship.
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TLDR
Adiposity, increased insulin resistance, high leptin, evidence of deranged autoimmunity, all of which are present in both disease states, seem to play a complex role in connecting these two disorders.Abstract:
As the prevalence of these endocrine dysfunctions increases, the association of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and autoimmune thyroid disease is increasingly being recognised. While the causality of this association is still uncertain, the two conditions share a bidirectional relationship. The exact nature of this link has not been elucidated yet. Both syndromes share certain common characteristics, risk factors, and pathophysiological abnormalities. Simultaneously, certain etiopathogenetic factors that operate to create these dysfunctions are dissimilar. Polycystic appearing ovaries are a clinical feature of hypothyroidism, though hypothyroidism should be excluded before diagnosing PCOS. Adiposity, increased insulin resistance, high leptin, evidence of deranged autoimmunity, all of which are present in both disease states, seem to play a complex role in connecting these two disorders. This brief communication explores the nature of the relationship between PCOS and hypothyroidism. It reviews current data and analyses them to present a unified pathophysiological basis, incorporating these complex relationships, for the same.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Association between PCOS and autoimmune thyroid disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Mirian Romitti,Vitor Costa Fabris,Patricia Klarmann Ziegelmann,Ana Luiza Maia,Poli Mara Spritzer +4 more
TL;DR: Screening for thyroid function and thyroid-specific autoantibodies should be considered in patients with PCOS even in the absence of overt symptoms, says this systematic review and meta-analysis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Subclinical Hypothyroidism in PCOS: Impact on Presentation, Insulin Resistance, and Cardiovascular Risk
Qun Yu,Jin-Bei Wang +1 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that PCOS is associated with high incidence of SCH and AIT compared to normal population and SCH poses increased risk of cardiovascular disorder in PCOS.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of hypothyroidism on female reproductive hormones.
Sanjay Saran,Bharti Sona Gupta,Rajeev Philip,Kumar Sanjeev Singh,Sureshrao Anoop Bende,Puspalata Agroiya,Pankaj Agrawal +6 more
TL;DR: The study has demonstrated low E2 and T levels in hypothyroid women which were increased after achieving euthyroidism, although average serum FSH and LH were increased in hyp Timothyroid women after achieving apoptosis but this difference was statistically insignificant.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prevalence of thyroid dysfunction among young females in a South Indian population.
TL;DR: One out of every eight young women in south India had thyroid dysfunction, and mild TSH elevation was the most common abnormality.
Journal ArticleDOI
MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: The impact of subclinical hypothyroidism on anthropometric characteristics, lipid, glucose and hormonal profile of PCOS patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Vasilios Pergialiotis,Panagiotis Konstantopoulos,Anastasia Prodromidou,Venetia Florou,Nikolaos Papantoniou,Despina Perrea +5 more
TL;DR: Subclinical hypothyroidism does not influence the hormonal profile of women with PCOS, and results in mild metabolic abnormalities, which are not clinically important in a short-term setting.
References
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Serum TSH, T4, and Thyroid Antibodies in the United States Population (1988 to 1994): National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III)
Joseph G. Hollowell,Norman W. Staehling,W. Dana Flanders,W. Harry Hannon,Elaine W. Gunter,Carole A. Spencer,Lewis E. Braverman +6 more
TL;DR: TSH and the prevalence of antithyroid antibodies are greater in females, increase with age, and are more in whites and Mexican Americans than in blacks, which needs more research to relate these findings to clinical status.
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The Colorado Thyroid Disease Prevalence Study
TL;DR: The results confirm that thyroid dysfunction is common, may often go undetected, and may be associated with adverse health outcomes that can be avoided by serum TSH measurement.
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Overweight, obesity and central obesity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis
TL;DR: Although the findings support a positive association between obesity and PCOS, the conclusions are limited by the significant heterogeneity between studies and further studies are now required to determine the source of this heterogeneity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Syndrome of precocious menstruation and galactorrhea in juvenile hypothyroidism: an example of hormonal overlap in pituitary feedback
TL;DR: It is postulated that the mechanism for the development of menorrhagia, galactorrhea, and pigmentation in these patients was an overlapping secretion of gonadotropin, mammotropic hormone, and (in 1 case) melanocyte-stimulating hormone along with the presumed high level of thyroid- Stimulating hormone.