Time Distortion in Parkinsonism.
Yasuo Terao,Motoyasu Honma,Yuki Asahara,Shin-ichi Tokushige,Toshiaki Furubayashi,Tai Miyazaki,Satomi Inomata-Terada,Ayumi Uchibori,Shinji Miyagawa,Yaeko Ichikawa,Atsuro Chiba,Yoshikazu Ugawa,Masahiko Suzuki +12 more
TLDR
In this article, patients with Parkinson's disease and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) over-reproduced shorter durations and under-produced longer durations at extremes of the time range studied, with a shallower slope of linear correlation between the presented and produced time.Abstract:
Although animal studies and studies on Parkinson's disease (PD) suggest that dopamine deficiency slows the pace of the internal clock, which is corrected by dopaminergic medication, timing deficits in parkinsonism remain to be characterized with diverse findings. Here we studied patients with PD and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), 3-4 h after drug intake, and normal age-matched subjects. We contrasted perceptual (temporal bisection, duration comparison) and motor timing tasks (time production/reproduction) in supra- and sub-second time domains, and automatic versus cognitive/short-term memory-related tasks. Subjects were allowed to count during supra-second production and reproduction tasks. In the time production task, linearly correlating the produced time with the instructed time showed that the "subjective sense" of 1 s is slightly longer in PD and shorter in PSP than in normals. This was superposed on a prominent trend of underestimation of longer (supra-second) durations, common to all groups, suggesting that the pace of the internal clock changed from fast to slow as time went by. In the time reproduction task, PD and, more prominently, PSP patients over-reproduced shorter durations and under-reproduced longer durations at extremes of the time range studied, with intermediate durations reproduced veridically, with a shallower slope of linear correlation between the presented and produced time. In the duration comparison task, PD patients overestimated the second presented duration relative to the first with shorter but not longer standard durations. In the bisection task, PD and PSP patients estimated the bisection point (BP50) between the two supra-second but not sub-second standards to be longer than normal subjects. Thus, perceptual timing tasks showed changes in opposite directions to motor timing tasks: underestimating shorter durations and overestimating longer durations. In PD, correlation of the mini-mental state examination score with supra-second BP50 and the slope of linear correlation in the reproduction task suggested involvement of short-term memory in these tasks. Dopamine deficiency didn't correlate significantly with timing performances, suggesting that the slowed clock hypothesis cannot explain the entire results. Timing performance in PD may be determined by complex interactions among time scales on the motor and sensory sides, and by their distortion in memory.read more
Citations
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A proxy measure of striatal dopamine predicts individual differences in temporal precision
TL;DR: In this article , a pre-registered study that tested the predictions that spontaneous eyeblink rates, which provide a proxy measure of striatal dopamine availability, would be associated with aberrant interval timing (lower temporal precision or overestimation bias).
Journal ArticleDOI
Review: Subjective Time Perception, Dopamine Signaling, and Parkinsonian Slowness
TL;DR: It is argued that loss of dynamic variability in dopaminergic neuronal activity over very short intervals may be a fundamental sensory aspect in the pathophysiology of parkinsonism, and therapeutic response in Parkinson's disease needs to be understood in terms of short-term alterations in dynamic neuronal firing.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mental arithmetic modulates temporal variabilities of finger-tapping tasks in a tempo-dependent manner
TL;DR: In this paper , a dual-task paradigm (DTP) involving simultaneous performance of cognitive and motor tasks, which is an effective method for screening psychomotor functions was designed to determine whether task-dependent interferences on temporal processing in supra-second intervals differed depending on the cognitive tasks involved.
Posted ContentDOI
Time perception reflects individual differences in motor and non-motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease
Emily DiMarco,Renata Sadibolova,Angela Jiang,Brittany Liebenow,Rachel Jones,Ihtsham ul Haq,Mustafa S. Siddiqui,Devin Blair Terhune,Kenneth T. Kishida +8 more
TL;DR: In this paper , individual differences in comorbid non-motor symptoms, PD duration, and prescribed dopaminergic pharmacotherapeutics were found to account for individual difference in time perception performance.
Journal ArticleDOI
From anticipation to impulsivity in Parkinson’s disease
TL;DR: In this article , a saccadic reaction time task was used where a visual warning stimulus (WS) predicted the occurrence of an imperative one (IS) appearing after a short delay.
References
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Scalar timing in memory.
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Journal ArticleDOI
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TL;DR: The neurobiological properties of the basal ganglia, an area known to be necessary for interval timing and motor control, suggests that this set of structures act as a coincidence detector of cortical and thalamic input.