Urinary Total Protein as the Predictor of Albuminuria in Diabetic Patients
Sima Hashemipour,Maliheh Charkhchian,Amir Javadi,Ahmad Afaghi,Ali Akbar Hajiaghamohamadi,Ali Bastani,Fateme Hajmanoochehri,Amir Ziaee +7 more
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TLDR
Urinary total protein cut-off points of 73 mg/day and 514 mg/ day were diagnostic for micro- and macroalbuminuria, respectively, in patients with diabetes mellitus.Abstract:
Background: In order to detect nephropathy, measurement of total (24 hrs) urinary albumin or albumin/creatinin ratio in random urine samples is being recommended. But methods of albumin measurement are not available in all laboratories and also cost about 6 times more than that of urinary total protein measurement. Objectives: This Study was performed to determine appropriate cut off point in 24 hours urine total protein to diagnose micro- and macroalbuminuria in patients with diabetes mellitus. Patients and Methods: In this study, 204 patients with diabetes mellitus type I and II were selected. In collected 24 hours urine from patients, protein and albumin were measured by using Pyrogallol and Immunoturbidimetry methods, respectively. Results: Normoalbuminuri (albumin 300 mg/24 hrs urine) were detected in 130, 51, and 23 patients, respectively. In 24 hrs urine collections, amounts of protein and albumin were compared to calculate cut off point of exerted protein for nephropathy diagnosis. cut off point of 73 mg/day for urinary total protein had appropriate sensitivity (94.5 %, CI = 91.4 % -97.6 %) and specificity (77.9 %, CI = 72.8 % -82.9 %) for microalbuminuria, while cut off point of 514 mg/day (sensitivity 95.7 %; specificity 98.9 %) was detected for diagnosis macroalbuminuria. Urine protein exertion of 150 mg/day that is currently considered as a normal value in most laboratory kits had a sensitivity of 73.1 % by which 30 % of microalbuminuric cases remained undiagnosed. Conclusions: Urinary total protein cut-off points of 73 mg/day and 514 mg/day were diagnostic for micro- and macroalbuminuria, respectively.read more
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Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes
TL;DR: These standards of care are intended to provide clinicians, patients, researchers, payors, and other interested individuals with the components of diabetes care, treatment goals, and tools to evaluate the quality of care.
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Real-time point-of-care total protein measurement with a miniaturized optoelectronic biosensor and fast fluorescence-based assay.
Fariah Mahzabeen,Ophir Vermesh,Jelena Levi,Marilyn Tan,Israt S. Alam,Carmel T. Chan,Sanjiv S. Gambhir,James S. Harris +7 more
TL;DR: This work has developed a miniaturized optoelectronic biosensor using a vertical cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL), coupled with a fast protein assay based on protein-induced fluorescence enhancement (PIFE), that can dynamically measure protein concentrations in protein-spiked buffer, serum, and urine in seconds with excellent sensitivity.
References
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Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes
TL;DR: These standards of care are intended to provide clinicians, patients, researchers, payors, and other interested individuals with the components of diabetes care, treatment goals, and tools to evaluate the quality of care.
Journal Article
Effect of intensive blood-glucose control with metformin on complications in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 34)
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TL;DR: Since intensive glucose control with metformin appears to decrease the risk of diabetes-related endpoints in overweight diabetic patients, and is associated with less weight gain and fewer hypoglycaemic attacks than are insulin and sulphonylureas, it may be the first-line pharmacological therapy of choice in these patients.
Journal Article
Tight blood pressure control and risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 38
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TL;DR: Tight blood pressure control in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes achieves a clinically important reduction in the risk of deaths related to diabetes, complications related to Diabetes, progression of diabetic retinopathy, and deterioration in visual acuity.
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The effect of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibition on diabetic nephropathy.
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