Urinary tract infections: epidemiology, mechanisms of infection and treatment options
TLDR
How basic science studies are elucidating the molecular details of the crosstalk that occurs at the host–pathogen interface, as well as the consequences of these interactions for the pathophysiology of UTIs is discussed.Abstract:
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a severe public health problem and are caused by a range of pathogens, but most commonly by Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus saprophyticus. High recurrence rates and increasing antimicrobial resistance among uropathogens threaten to greatly increase the economic burden of these infections. In this Review, we discuss how basic science studies are elucidating the molecular details of the crosstalk that occurs at the host-pathogen interface, as well as the consequences of these interactions for the pathophysiology of UTIs. We also describe current efforts to translate this knowledge into new clinical treatments for UTIs.read more
Citations
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Different drugs for bad bugs: antivirulence strategies in the age of antibiotic resistance
TL;DR: The theory behind antivirulence strategies is outlined, the recent successes and failures of this paradigm, and new developments that are in the pipeline are discussed.
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UroPathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) Infections: Virulence Factors, Bladder Responses, Antibiotic, and Non-antibiotic Antimicrobial Strategies.
TL;DR: This review will focus on the most relevant components of UPEC arsenal of pathogenicity together with the major host responses to infection, the current approved treatment and the emergence of resistant UPEC strains, the vaccine strategies, the natural antimicrobial compounds along with innovative anti-adhesive and prophylactic approaches to prevent UTIs.
Journal ArticleDOI
An introduction to the epidemiology and burden of urinary tract infections.
TL;DR: Data suggest that nonantimicrobial prophylactic strategies offer an opportunity to reduce both the rate of UTIs and the personal burden experience by patients.
Journal ArticleDOI
The emerging threat of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria in urology
Hosam M. Zowawi,Patrick N A Harris,Matthew J. Roberts,Paul A. Tambyah,Mark A. Schembri,M. Diletta Pezzani,Deborah A Williamson,David L. Paterson +7 more
TL;DR: Responding to the challenges of Gram-negative resistance will require a multifaceted approach including considered use of current antimicrobial agents, improved diagnostics and surveillance, better adherence to basic measures of infection prevention, development of new antibiotics and research into non-antibiotic treatment and preventive strategies.
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Ceftazidime-Avibactam Versus Doripenem for the Treatment of Complicated Urinary Tract Infections, Including Acute Pyelonephritis: RECAPTURE, a Phase 3 Randomized Trial Program
Florian M.E. Wagenlehner,Jack D. Sobel,Paul Newell,Jon Armstrong,Xiangning Huang,Gregory G. Stone,Katrina Yates,Leanne B. Gasink +7 more
TL;DR: Ceftazidime-avibactam was highly effective for empiric treatment of complicated urinary tract infection, including in patients with ceftazodime-nonsusceptible pathogens, and may offer an alternative to carbapenems in this setting.
References
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