Journal ArticleDOI
USTUR case 0259 whole body donation: a comprehensive test of the current ICRP models for the behavior of inhaled 238PuO2 ceramic particles. U.S. Transuranium and Uranium Registries.
TLDR
An analysis of 238 Pu in the whole body donation to the U.S. Transuranium and Uranium Registries (USTUR) is presented and it was determined that the ICRP models provided an adequate estimate of the overall effective dose.Abstract:
An analysis of 238Pu in the whole body donation to the U.S. Transuranium and Uranium Registries (USTUR) is presented. This donor accidentally inhaled an unusual physical form of plutonium, predominantly the 238Pu isotope in the form of a highly insoluble ceramic. Along with six other workers accidentally exposed at the same time, this donor excreted little or no 238Pu in his urine for several months. Subsequently, however, and, with no further intakes, the urinary excretion of 238Pu by all of these workers increased progressively. Such a pattern of increasing urinary excretion of plutonium resulting from a single acute inhalation was unknown at the time. The subject of this study provided a unique opportunity to analyze not only the pattern of urinary excretion for 17 y following this unusual intake but also the complete distribution of 238Pu in his donated body tissues and skeleton at death. Radiochemical analyses of tissues from this whole body donation were used to perform critical tests of the applicability and accuracy of the respiratory tract model and the systemic biokinetic models for plutonium currently recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection. The respiratory tract model was applied to analyze the donor's long-term urinary excretion pattern. The facility provided by this model to represent progressive transformation of insoluble particles in the lungs into a more soluble form, applied in conjunction with the systemic biokinetic model, predicted the total amount of 238Pu measured in the donor's body to within 17% accuracy. The measured division of 238Pu between the donor's lungs and systemic organs was predicted to within 10%. Small adjustments to several rate constants in these models provided precise predictions of the absolute amounts of 238Pu in the lungs, thoracic lymph nodes, liver, red bone marrow, skeleton (including the distribution of 238Pu between trabecular and cortical bone matrices derived from the radiochemical analyses), kidneys, testes, and muscle. The resulting individual-specific parameters were applied to evaluate the equivalent dose rates and cumulative doses received by the donor's organs and the overall effective dose. Whereas these individual modifications to the ICRP models provided a more accurate representation of the distribution of dose between the donor's organs, it was determined that the ICRP models provided an adequate estimate of the overall effective dose.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Determination of Pu in urine at ultratrace level by sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
TL;DR: In this article, a double-focusing sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-SFMS) was used for the determination of Pu in urine at the low ag−ml−1 concentration level.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ustur whole body case 0269: demonstrating effectiveness of i.v. ca-dtpa for pu
TL;DR: The resulting model of the separate effects of i.v. Ca-EDTA and Ca-DTPA chelation shows that the therapy administered in this case succeeded in reducing substantially the long-term burden of plutonium in all body organs, except for the lungs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Determination of 90Sr and Pu isotopes in contaminated groundwater samples by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
TL;DR: In this paper, a double-focusing sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-SFMS) was developed for determining the artificial radionuclides 90 Sr, 239 Pu and 240 Pu at the ultratrace level in groundwater samples from the Semipalatinsk Test Site area in Kazakhstan.
Journal ArticleDOI
ICRP Publication 141: Occupational Intakes of Radionuclides: Part 4.
François Paquet,Michael Bailey,Richard W. Leggett,George Etherington,Eric Blanchardon,T. Smith,G. Ratia,D.R Melo,Timothy Fell,V. Berkovski,John Harrison +10 more
TL;DR: The 2007 Recommendations introduced changes that affect the calculation of effective dose, and implied a revision of the dose coefficients for internal exposure, published previously in the Publication 30 series and Publications 54, 68, and 78.
General guidelines for the estimation of committed effective dose from incorporation monitoring data : (Project IDEAS - EU contract no. FIKR-CT2001-00160)
H. Doerfel,A. Andrasi,Michael Bailey,V. Berkovski,Eric Blanchardon,C. M. Castellani,C. Hurtgen,B. LeGuen,I. Malatova,J. W. Marsh,J. Stather +10 more
TL;DR: The aim of the project IDEAS was to develop general guidelines for assessments of intakes and internal doses from individual monitoring data, which are applicable to a wide range of practical situations and are based on a general philosophy of Harmonisation.
References
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Fragmentation of respirable PuO2 particles in water by alpha decay--a mode of "dissolution".
R.L. Fleischer,Otto G. Raabe +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a power law relation R=aN Pu −β, where R is the relative number of subparticles containing N Pu plutonium atoms and 3>β>2, was inferred to be valid over the range 1≤N pu ≤ 10 4.
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Internal dosimetry intake estimation using bayesian methods
TL;DR: In this paper, the inverse problem of internal dosimetry is proposed based on evaluating expectations of the Bayesian posterior probability distribution of intake amounts, given bioassay measurements, and a simplified algorithm using data unfolding is described (UF code).