Journal ArticleDOI
Visual observation of CO2 foaming of polypropylene‐clay nanocomposites
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In this article, a high-pressure autoclave with two sapphire windows on the walls was used to study the effect of nano-sized clay on the initial stage of foaming.Abstract:
Using a newly developed high-pressure autoclave, which has two sapphire windows on the walls, we visually observed the batch physical foaming of polymer-clay nanocomposites to understand the effect of nano-sized clay on the initial stage of foaming. With CO 2 as a physical foaming agent, polypropylene-montmorillonite clay nanocomposites were foamed at 150°C. A high-speed digital camera with a microscope could observe the bubble nucleation and bubble growth behavior of the early stage of foaming in situ. The series of micrographs was analyzed in order to investigate the effect of clay content on bubble nucleation and growth. The experiments, together with CO 2 -solubility and diffusivity data, show that the clay enhances bubble nucleation as a nucleation agent and retards the growth of bubbles at the early stage of foaming.read more
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Polymer nanocomposite foams
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Recent advances in polymer/layered silicate nanocomposites: an overview from science to technology
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe recent advances in polymer/layered silicate nanocomposites with the primary focus on these advances from basic science to technology, and the authors are far from the goal in terms of understanding the mechanisms of the enhancement effect.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Flammability Properties of Polymer - Layered-Silicate Nanocomposites. Polypropylene and Polystyrene Nanocomposites
Jeffrey W. Gilman,Catheryn L. Jackson,Alexander B. Morgan,Richard H. Harris,Evangelos Manias,Emmanuel P. Giannelis,Melanie Wuthenow,Dawn Hilton,Shawn H. Phillips +8 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the mechanism of flammability reduction of polypropylene-graft-maleic anhydride and polystyrene−layered-silicate nanocomposites using montmorillonite and fluorohectorite was investigated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Preparation and Mechanical Properties of Polypropylene−Clay Hybrids
TL;DR: In this paper, the dispersibility of 10-A-thick silicate layers of the clays in the hybrid was investigated by using a transmission electron microscope and X-ray diffractometer.
Journal ArticleDOI
Synthesis and barrier properties of poly(ε‐caprolactone)‐layered silicate nanocomposites
TL;DR: In this article, a polymer-ceramic nanocomposite was synthesized consisting of well-dispersed, two-dimensional layers of an organically modified mica-type silicate (MTS) within a degradable poly(e-caprolactone) matrix.
Journal ArticleDOI
An elementary molecular theory of classical fluids. Pure fluids
Journal ArticleDOI
Statistical Thermodynamics of Polymer Solutions
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used the lattice fluid theory of solutions to calculate the lower critical solution temperatures (LCST) of polyisobutylene solvents, which is a critical point phenomenon that is relatively rare among low molecular weight solutions.