Journal ArticleDOI
When worlds collide. Social science, politics, and the Rind et al. (1998). Child sexual abuse meta-analysis.
TLDR
A 1998 meta-analysis by B. Rind, P. Tromovitch, and R. Bauserman indicated that the relations between child sexual abuse and later psychopathology were weak in magnitude as mentioned in this paper.Abstract:
A 1998 meta-analysis by B. Rind, P. Tromovitch, and R. Bauserman in Psychological Bulletin indicated that the relations between child sexual abuse and later psychopathology were weak in magnitude. Shortly thereafter, this article was condemned by media personality Dr. Laura Schlessinger and numerous conservative organizations and was denounced by the United States Congress. In addition, the American Psychological Association (APA) distanced itself from the authors' conclusions. This incident raises questions regarding (a) authors' responsibilities concerning the reporting of politically controversial findings, (b) academic and scientific freedom, (c) the role of the APA in disabusing the public and media of logical errors and fallacies, and (d) the substantial gap between popular and academic psychology and the responsibility of the APA to narrow that gap.read more
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Progress and Controversy in the Study of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
TL;DR: The evidence bearing on the most contentious issues in the field of traumatic stress: broadening of the definition of trauma, problems with the dose-response model of PTSD, distortion in the recollection of traumatization, concerns about "phony combat vets," psychologically toxic guilt as a traumatic stressor, risk factors for PTSD, and the brain-damaging effects of stress hormones are focused on.
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A Vast Graveyard of Undead Theories Publication Bias and Psychological Science’s Aversion to the Null
TL;DR: It is argued that the field often constructs arguments to block the publication and interpretation of null results and that null results may be further extinguished through questionable researcher practices, reduce psychological science’s capability to have a proper mechanism for theory falsification, thus resulting in the promulgation of numerous “undead” theories.
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Why Won’t They Listen to Us?: On Giving Power and Voice to Children Participating in Social Research
TL;DR: The authors discusses the need for authentic social research with children given the fact that increasingly such research is being relied on to inform social policy which profoundly affects the lives of children, and the importance of giving power and voice to children in the research context involves issues of research methodology and opportunities to contribute to research agendas and ethics guidelines.
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Assessment of the Harmful Psychiatric and Behavioral Effects of Different Forms of Child Maltreatment
TL;DR: It is shown that CM has comparable consequences for boys and girls of different races, and the results allowed us to describe a base rate and co-occurrence issue that makes it difficult to identify the unique effects of child sexual abuse.
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Why many clinical psychologists are resistant to evidence-based practice: Root causes and constructive remedies☆
TL;DR: Education proposals for articulating the importance of EBP to the forthcoming generation of clinical practitioners and researchers are advanced, and constructive remedies for addressing clinical psychologists' objections to EBP are proposed.
References
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Book
Judgment Under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases
Amos Tversky,Daniel Kahneman +1 more
TL;DR: The authors described three heuristics that are employed in making judgements under uncertainty: representativeness, availability of instances or scenarios, and adjustment from an anchor, which is usually employed in numerical prediction when a relevant value is available.
Book
The psychology of interpersonal relations
TL;DR: The psychology of interpersonal relations as mentioned in this paper, The psychology in interpersonal relations, The Psychology of interpersonal relationships, کتابخانه دیجیتال و فن اطلاعات دانشگاه امام صادق(ع)
Journal ArticleDOI
Availability: A heuristic for judging frequency and probability
Amos Tversky,Daniel Kahneman +1 more
TL;DR: A judgmental heuristic in which a person evaluates the frequency of classes or the probability of events by availability, i.e., by the ease with which relevant instances come to mind, is explored.
Journal ArticleDOI
The file drawer problem and tolerance for null results
TL;DR: Quantitative procedures for computing the tolerance for filed and future null results are reported and illustrated, and the implications are discussed.