Showing papers on "Carcinosarcoma published in 1988"

Squamous Cell Carcinomas

Abstract: Most malignant neoplasms of the larynx and the adjacent regions (hypopharynx and oropharynx with lingual epiglottic surface, valleculae, lower part of the retrolingual region) are squamous cell carcinomas (Table 5.1). In a survey of 1207 patients with malignant tumours of the larynx treated in the Frankfurt University Ear, Nose and Throat Clinic between 1962 and 1986, there were 998 squamous cell carcinomas; including the variants of the squamous cell carcinoma, i.e. the so-called carcinosarcoma, spindle cell carcinoma and verrucous carcinoma, results a good 97%, whereas all other types of malignant neoplasm were seen very rarely.

Carcinosarcoma of the skin

Abstract: A 91-year-old patient with an extraskeletal osteosarcoma (characterized by atypical mesenchymal cells with ossification) of the forehead associated with a basal cell carcinoma is reported. Both osteoid and basal cell carcinoma nests were found embedded in a stroma containing markedly atypical cells. The 2 previously reported carcinosarcomas of the skin are reviewed.

Carcinosarcoma of the stomach.

Abstract: Carcinosarcomas are rare, biphasic tumors. They occur in such diverse locations as the uterus, breast, thyroid, lung, and upper gastrointestinal system.1,2 In the gastrointestinal canal (GIC), they are most frequently seen in the esophagus. l-4 With less frequency, carcinosarcomas located in the stomach have been reported. l-8 In the present study, a case of carcinosarcoma in the stomach in a 53year-old male is presented along with clinical, light microscopic, and immunohistochemical (IHC) features.

Transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder with pseudosarcomatous stroma.

Abstract: An 84-year-old man who complained of hematuria had transurethral resection of a large polypoid tumor in the urinary bladder. Pathologic examination showed an invasive, moderately differentiated transitional cell carcinoma with numerous atypical mesenchymal cells in its stroma. The latter cells failed to stain immunohistochemically for epithelial markers and were interpreted as reactive or pseudosarcomatous in nature. Transitional cell carcinomas with pseudosarcomatous stroma should be distinguished from bladder tumors with a neoplastic spindle cell component such as sarcomatoid carcinomas and carcinosarcomas.

Carcinosarcoma of the gallbladder: a case report and review of the literature.

Abstract: A case of pedunculated carcinosarcoma of the gallbladder, presenting with common duct obstruction is reported; radiological, operative and pathological findings are described The patient was treated with cholecystectomy, common bile duct exploration and postoperative radiotherapy applied through a t-tube Only 20 cases of carcinosarcoma of the gallbladder have been described The current state of knowledge regarding the natural history of these tumors are reviewed

Fine-needle aspiration cytology of pulmonary carcinosarcoma with immunocytochemical and ultrastructural observations.

Abstract: The cytologic, immunocytochemical, and ultrastructural features of a pulmonary carcinosarcoma diagnosed by fine-needle aspiration biopsy are presented. Both malignant epithelial groups and bizarre spindle-shaped cells arranged in loose groups, microtissue fragments and in a dissociate fashion showed dual immunoperoxidase staining with cytokeratins and vimentin. Although the immunocytochemical staining pattern is typical of this neoplasm, it does not allow differentiation in all cases from the more common primary large-cell undifferentiated carcinoma, which can also show dual staining for cytokeratin and vimentin. However, the presence of poorly differentiated epithelial groupings associated with a malignant mesenchymal component set in a myxoid stroma should suggest the correct diagnosis. Cytologically, differentiating carcinosarcoma, a poorly differentiated malignancy showing dual staining for cytokeratin and vimentin, from a large-cell carcinoma is important, since the former may pursue a more indolent clinical course.

Diagnosis of a case of pulmonary carcinosarcoma by detection of rhabdomyosarcoma cells in sputum.

Abstract: Cytologic examination of sputum samples from an elderly patient revealed the presence of two cell populations: squamous cell carcinoma cells and rhabdomyosarcoma cells. The abnormal squamous cells showed both keratinizing and nonkeratinizing forms while some of the rhabdomyosarcoma cells showed cross striations. Sputum cytology was thus able to suggest a diagnosis of pulmonary carcinosarcoma. Histologically, the tumor was composed mainly of sarcomatous tissue showing various kinds of cells: fusiform or fibrous cells, round anaplastic cells, spindled cells with typical cross striations and myoblastic cells. A partially myxomatous degeneration was present. In addition, squamous cell carcinoma proliferated along the bronchi and formed small invasive cell nests in the sarcomatous tissue. No transition between the two components was noted. Both cellular constituents had metastasized to an interlobar lymph node.

Malignant pituitary tumors.

Abstract: Summary Pituitary malignancies are rare. The definition of pituitary malignancy is still subject to debate. Three types of malignancy with the description of clinical course and complete autopsy were presented; i) true carcinosarcoma, ii) ectopic sphenoid invasive tumor, and iii) post-irradiation sarcoma. The first true carcinosarcoma had a long natural tumor history of 46 years, ending in malignant transformation with extracranial metastasis from a pituitary adenoma. The second ectopic sphenoid tumor was prolactin-producing, locally invasive, with the intact pituitary gland. The third post-irradiation sarcoma was followed by chromophobe pituitary adenoma. The interval between irradiation to the adenoma and malignant transformation to fibrosarcoma was about 14 years.

Selected ultrastructural aspects of urothelial and prostatic tumors.

Abstract: Ultrastructural techniques have been widely applied in the study of urothelial and prostatic tumors. In the common proliferative diseases affecting the lower urogenital tract, electron microscopy has provided us with a greater understanding of the pathobiology and morphology of these disease processes. Specific diagnostic application, however, has been limited. In the unusual tumors affecting urothelium and prostate such as neuroendocrine carcinoma, carcinosarcoma, and sarcomas, electron microscopy has provided some practical diagnostic information of value in patient management. This paper provides a survey of the fundamental and practical contributions of ultrastructural studies in the prostatic and urothelial areas.

Carcinosarcomas of the skin--report of two cases.

Abstract: Carcinosarcomas of the skin are extremely rare. Two such cases have been recorded in the literature. In the two cases reported, the epithelial component consisted of a well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma and the mesenchyma of a malignant fibrous histiocytoma. Immunohistochemistry was applied for the confirmation of the diagnosis.

Unusual renal pelvic tumor containing transitional cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and sarcomatoid elements (so-called sarcomatoid carcinoma of the renal pelvis). A case report and review of the literature

Abstract: A case of sarcomatoid carcinoma of the renal pelvis in a 66-year-old male is reported. The patient underwent left nephroureterectomy because of renal pelvic tumor and hydronephrosis. Left renal calcification and atrophy had been diagnosed in the patient about thirty years previously. The tumor showed a polypoid configuration and occupied the renal calyces. Histologically, not only solid nests of transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) and adenocarcinomatous glands but also large spindle-shaped cells with bizarre nuclei simulating sarcoma were identified. Immunoreactive keratin and epithelial-membranous antigen (EMA) were demonstrated in the sarcomatoid cells, indicating that they were of epithelial origin. So far, only 10 cases of so-called sarcomatoid carcinoma or carcinosarcoma of the renal pelvis have been reported in the world. In this report, we summarize the pathological findings of previously reported cases and discuss the histogenesis of this rare tumor.

Carcinosarcoma of the urinary bladder. Case report.

Abstract: A case of carcinosarcoma in the urinary bladder is presented. On basis of a review of the most recent literature and referring to our own case, radical cystectomy appears to be the most effective treatment of this tumour.

Nasal cavity carcinosarcoma in a bonnet macaque (Macaca radiata).

Abstract: An example of a rare, highly aggressive malignant intranasal neoplasm in a male Bonnet macaque is presented. The tumor invaded the bony orbit, distorted the position of the globe, and metastasized to regional lymph nodes and lungs. Histologically the tumor was composed of both mesenchymal and epithelial components and probably was of minor salivary gland origin.

Lung Tumors: Lung, Mediastinum, Pleura, and Chest Wall

Abstract: I. Lung Tumors.- 1. Epidemiology.- Etiologic Considerations.- Trends in Tobacco Consumption.- Further Reading.- 2. Early Detection: Screening.- The Philadelphia Pulmonary Neoplasm Project.- The Mayo Lung Project.- Further Reading.- 3. Biology of Lung Cancer.- Growth Characteristics.- Chromosomal Studies.- In Vitro Clonogenic Assays.- Monoclonal Antibodies.- Heterotransplantation.- Tumor Markers.- Tumor Heterogeneity.- 4. Pathology of Lung Cancer.- Premalignant Change and Early Carcinoma.- Bronchial Papillomas and Papillary Carcinoma.- Squamous Cell (Epidermoid) Carcinoma.- Adenocarcinoma.- Adenosquamous Carcinoma.- Large Cell Undifferentiated Carcinoma.- Spindle-Cell Carcinoma and Carcinosarcoma.- Small Cell Carcinoma.- Tumors of Low-Grade Malignancy.- Further Reading.- 5. Histopathology, Ultrastructure, and Cytology.- WHO Classification.- Squamous Cell Carcinoma.- Small Cell Carcinoma.- Adenocarcinoma.- Large Cell Carcinoma.- Bronchial Carcinoids.- Mesothelioma.- Further Reading.- 6. Clinical Features.- Intrathoracic Symptoms.- Extrathoracic Metastatic Symptoms.- Paraneoplastic Manifestations.- 7. Diagnostic Procedures.- The Lung.- Radiology.- Conventional Tomography.- Other Radiological Techniques.- Sputum Cytology.- Bronchoscopy.- Transthoracic Lung Biopsy.- Pleura.- Pleural Fluid.- Mediastinum.- Invasive Techniques.- Mediastinoscopy.- Distant Metastases.- Detection of Liver Metastases.- Detection of Bone and Bone Marrow Metastases.- Detection of Central Nervous System Metastases.- Detection of Other Metastases.- 8. Staging.- T Stage.- N Stage.- Noninvasive Assessment of the Mediastinum.- M Stage.- Staging at Thoracotomy.- Autopsy Staging.- Relevance to Small Cell Lung Cancer.- References.- 9. Staging and Prognosis.- 10. Treatment at the Finsen Institute.- Treatment of Squamous Cell, Adeno-, and Large Cell Carcinoma.- Small Cell Carcinoma of the Lung.- Mesothelioma.- Further Reading.- 11. Surgical Treatment in Non-Small Cell Carcinoma of the Lung: The Memorial Sloan-Kettering Experience.- Occult Carcinomas of the Lung.- Treatment of T1 NO M0 and T2 N0 M0 Tumors.- Treatment of T1 N1 and T2 N1 Tumors.- Surgery in Patients with Advanced Disease.- Tumors Invading Chest Wall (T3).- Superior Sulcus Tumors.- Treatment of N2 MO Tumors.- Treatment of T3 Lesions Due to Proximity to Carina.- Conclusion.- References.- 12. Treatment at Brompton Hospital and Royal Marsden Hospital.- Pretreatment Preparation (by P. Goldstraw).- Surgery (by P.Goldstraw).- Adjuvant Therapy (by P.Goldstraw)..- Role of Radiotherapy (by J.R.Yarnold).- Chemotherapy (by S.G.Spiro).- Specific Problems in Inoperable Patients and Terminal Care (by S.G.Spiro).- 13. Prognosis and End Results.- Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.- Natural History of Inoperable Disease.- Small Cell Lung Cancer.- Further Reading.- II. Tumors of the Mediastinum, Pleura, and Chest Wall.- 14. Pathology of Mediastinal Tumors.- Endocrine Tumors and Hyperplasias.- Tumors of the Thymus.- Tumors of Neural Origin.- Mediastinal Lymphadenopathy and Related Disorders.- Mediastinal Cysts.- Soft Tissue Tumors of the Mediastinum.- Mediastinal Fibrosis (Sclerosing Mediastinitis).- References.- 15. Pathology of Tumors of the Pleura and Chest Wall.- Pleural Tumors.- Tumors of the Chest Wall.- References.- 16. Primary Mediastinal Tumors.- Anatomical Boundaries.- Classification.- Symptoms and Signs.- Investigation.- Reference.- 17. Chest Wall Tumors.- Presenting Symptoms and Signs.- Investigation.- Surgical Management.- The Incision.- Resection.- Closure.- 18. Malignant Mesothelioma.- Epidemiology.- Pathology.- Clinical Features.- Diagnosis.- Treatment.- Prognosis.- Conclusions.- References.- 19. Radiotherapy of Mediastinal and Chest Wall Tumors.- Tumors of the Mediastinum.- Tumors of the Chest Wall and Pleura.- Radiation Techniques.- Radiation Dosage.- Further Reading.- 20. Chemotherapy of Mediastinal Tumors.- Hodgkin's Disease.- Non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas.- Germ Cell Tumors.- Thymomas.- Sarcomas.- Chemotherapy of Primary Malignant Chest Wall Tumors.- Management.

[Chylous ascites: apropos of a case of endometrial adenocarcinoma associated with homologous carcinosarcoma of a fallopian tube].

Abstract: A patient who was 61 years of age had obstruction of the thoracic duct by metastases from an adenocarcinoma of the endometrium together with a carcinosarcoma of the tube. She developed chylous ascite. The diagnostic approach and the treatment has been reviewed by the authors.

A case of spindle cell carcinoma of the breast in pregnancy

Abstract: A case of breast cancer (histologically, spindle cell carcinoma) detected in the gestation period of a 26-year-old woman is reported. This histological type, which was formerly classified as so-called carcinosarcoma, has so far been reported 20 times. Analysis of these 21 occurrences revealed the patients' average age to be 49.9 years, with many cases having much larger tumors than those generally seen in breast cancer, a few cases having advanced lymphatic metastasis, and almost all cases being classified as stage I or II, with a good prognosis. Histological examination clarified that bone and cartilage metaplasia was present in 5 cases, which did not belong to the category of spindle cell carcinoma according to the present method for dealing with breast cancer, while squamous metaplasia was observed in 5 cases, suggesting that 6 cases including the present case should be classified as spindle cell carcinoma. However, there were a few cases in which spindle cell carcinoma had appeared during pregnancy, as was the case with the present patient. This seems to be the first such case reported. Several problems associated with breast cancer in pregnancy (spindle cell carcinoma) were presented, with consideration being given to the literature.

Carcinosarcomas of the bladder. Immunohistochemical study in 3 cases

Abstract: We present 3 cases of carcinosarcoma of the bladder. We discuss the value of histochemistry on their diagnosis. We compare them to similar tumors reported in the medical literature. Like fusocellular carcinoma, carcinosarcoma finally appear as a morphological variant of high grade urothelial carcinoma, often difficult to diagnose. With our present knowledge, it is not possible to propose for these tumors other therapeutic measures than those already in use for high grade urothelial malignancies, based on the level of infiltration in the bladder wall. The classic pejorative prognosis of these tumors is contradicted by the favorable evolution in some cases reported in medical literature.

Case Report of Pulmonary Carcinosarcoma

Abstract: 症例は62才男性, 咳嗽を主訴とし来院. 胸部X線上, 左肺門部に腫瘤影を認め, 内視鏡下の生検で神経鞘腫と診断された. その為, Nd-YAGレーザー焼灼を試みるも, 増大順向を示し, 左肺全摘術が施行された. その病理学的診断はpulmonary carcinosarcomaであったが, 一部ではpulmonary blastomaを強く示唆する部も含んでいた. 本症例の様な組織像を呈するものは文献上5例しかなく, 組織発生上も興味深く報告した.

Endolymphatic stromal myosis coexisting with adenocarcinoma of the uterus.

Abstract: Carcinosarcoma of the uterine corpus containing endolymphatic stromal myosis (ESM) is extremely rare. This report describes the light- and electron-microscopic findings of ESM coexisting with adenocarcinoma of the uterus in a 58-year-old female. The polypoid tumor originated from the fundus uteri and filled the uterine cavity. In addition to papillary and medullary acinous adenocarcinoma at the apex of the polypoid mass, the major portion of the tumor specimen was composed of cells resembling endometrial stromal cells that infiltrated the myometrium and lymphatic channels, and a diagnosis of ESM was made due to the relative cell uniformity, rare mitoses, and the presence of invasive growth. There have been few reports on the ultrastructure of ESM and endometrial stromal sarcoma, and there are no reports on the ultrastructural difference between these tumors. In addition to the ultrastructural observations of our case, the electron-microscopic findings of previous reports are discussed.

Intriguing case: Endolymphatic stromal myosis coexisting with adenocarcinoma of the uterus

Abstract: Carcinosarcoma of the uterine corpus containing endolymphatic stromal myosis (ESM) is extremely rare. This report describes the light- and electron-microscopic findings of ESM coexisting with adenocarcinoma of the uterus in a 58-year-old female. The polypoid tumor originated from the fundus uteri and filled the uterine cavity. In addition to papillary and medullary acinous adenocarcinoma at the apex of the polypoid mass, the major portion of the tumor specimen was composed of cells resembling endometrial stromal cells that infiltrated the myometrium and lymphatic channels, and a diagnosis of ESM was made due to the relative cell uniformity, rare mitoses, and the presence of invasive growth. There have been few reports on the ultra-structure of ESM and endometrial stromal sarcoma, and there are no reports on the ultrastructural difference between these tumors. In addition to the ultrastructural observations of our case, the electron-microscopic findings of previous reports are discussed.

The antineoplastic activity of testiphenon

Abstract: The paper describes the antitumor activity of a newly-developed hormonocytostatic drug testiphenon--a complex ether of 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone and chlorphenacyl (17 beta-[n-di/2-chloroethyl/aminophenylacetate]-5 alpha-androstan-17 beta-ol-3-on). Its antitumor properties were studied in 15 models of transplantable solid tumors and systemic neoplasms of mice and rats such as sarcoma 298, sarcoma 37, sarcoma-180, Lewis lung epidermoid carcinoma, carcinoma of the forestomach-5, large bowel adenocarcinoma, Harding-Passey's melanoma, cervical cancer-5, mammary adenocarcinoma Ca-755, hemoblastosis La, plasmacytoma MOPC-406, Rauscher's erythroblastosis, Walker's carcinosarcoma 256, sarcoma 45, alveolar carcinoma of the mammary gland and DMBA-induced mammary tumors of mice. The spectrum of antitumor activity of testiphenon proved wider than those of its components or other estrogeno-cytostatic drugs--phenestrol and estracyt. The drug is specifically intended for selective action upon target tissues for androgens and tumors developing from the said tissues.