Showing papers on "Connotation published in 2007"

Connotation, Semantic Prosody, Syntagmatic Associative Meaning: Three Levels of Meaning?

Abstract: The paper discusses associative meaning, i.e. one existing over and above the customary denotation, specifically the type arising from a text segment larger than a single word. The idea is of fairly recent origin, focuses on negative and positive semantic effects, and stems from corpus-based findings. Dictionaries are uneven in their treatment of this aspect of meaning. It is suggested that research on this complex phenomenon of associative meaning might be conducted on any of three levels: single-word items (connotation), multiword items (semantic prosody), and broader if vaguer co(n)text (syntagmatic meaning).

Implications for Psychotherapy

Abstract: In this paper we highlight a fundamental aspect of human communication: Most interpersonal communication includes unstated requests for the receiver to respond in a certain way. In addition, this role induction request is most commonly made nonverbally, and speakers are often unaware that they are actually making the request. Furthermore, receivers are often unaware that they are being induced to respond in a certain manner. We will clarify the defi nition of metacommunication (comments about communication) and introduce the new term paracommunication: the summation of nonverbal signs intended to create a response in the receiver. The nonverbal signs may be compared with instruments in an orchestra, whose purpose is to play a song that enraptures the audience. We emphasize the effect on the audience more than the means by which the multiple instruments create their effect. When wading into the muddy waters of linguistic analysis, words can come back to haunt us. For example, we will be drawing lines with words to create categories that may not be sharply delineated. Where does “verbal” end and “nonverbal” begin? Where does “denotation” (the explicit meaning of a communication) end and “connotation” (the implicit meaning of the communication) begin? Clinicians can ill afford journeys into such nuances unless they provide practical cognitive tools that help patients to change. We ask your indulgence as we explore this uncharted terrain because there will be many intellectual loose ends. Our aim is pragmatics—the practical. We are very interested in your comments on the concepts presented in this paper. Please contact us

On the Name of Social Entrepreneurship: Business School Teaching, Research, and Development Aid

Abstract: The concept ‘social entrepreneurship' is virtually proliferating like a virus, elating and inspiring people in such diverse spheres as politics, the media, the non-profit sector as well as academia. Despite the rather young pedigree of the term, social entrepreneurship today is predominantly construed as a positive sign, a genuine ‘hurray word', so to speak. In an effort to gain a deeper sense of its positive, not to say enthusiastic, connotation as well as its historical evolvement, this book endeavors to investigate the social construction of social entrepreneurship in three distinct contexts: business school teaching, management research and development aid. While shedding light on three areas of knowledge production which have been and still are evidently influential in denoting and circulating the meaning of social entrepreneurship, the objective of this book is not only to reveal that social entrepreneurship may be conceived as a power-based reality construction, but to investigate critically the limitations and totalitarian threats related to prevailing enunciations and to ask whether and how the sign ‘social entrepreneurship' could be extended beyond its current confines. The book is divided into three parts. The first part sheds light on the commodification of social entrepreneurship through management (MBA) education and its determination (and thus delimitation) in the context of management research. The second part is a discursive investigation of development aid practitioners, endeavoring to investigate if and to what extent the lexis of entrepreneurship, and managerialism at large, has come to penetrate the non-governmental sector. The third part suggests novel lines of flight (i.e. meanings) that take into account and counteract the fact that social entrepreneurship is as yet mainly orchestrated by economic rationalities and, by implication, limited in its potentially infinite semantic. Whereas the book trades heavily on philosophy, the three parts also take into account works from other academic traditions, such as, for instance, (social) psychology, (business) ethics and sociology, in order to illuminate and reflect upon social entrepreneurship from various angles and, most importantly, to probe understandings of social entrepreneurship which are new to its hotbed: organization and management science.

Bedeutung und Verwendung der Begriffe nachhaltige Entwicklung und Nachhaltigkeit : eine empirische Studie

Abstract: Sustainable development has been enriched by notions and views presented by related scientific and political discourses as well as by other actors' implicit views on sustainable development. This plethora of opinions is due to highly diverse parts of society participating in the discourse. The assumption is made that due to its abstractness, the sustainable development concept can overcome strong barriers between social systems like science, economy, politics or education. This leads to a secondary communication problem: once absorbed by the social subsystems, the abstract meaning of sustainable development is adapted to and diluted by the system's specific language. With adaptation, the communication barrier between the systems arises again, due to the different meanings that they attribute to the adjusted versions of sustainable development. This thesis therefore sets out to present a first empirical study on the meaning of sustainable development. In a theoretical discussion, a distinction is made between a denotative and connotative meaning. Scientist, politicians and economists usually discuss the denotation, in other words, the literal meaning of sustainable development. Sustainable development's connotation is, however, important for sustainable development education in general and, even more importantly, in the mass media with its focus on entertainment and on inducing moods and emotions. In this thesis, a content analysis method is used to assess the denotation of sustainable development for the economic and political system. The data obtained support the assumption that sustainable development has different meanings for different actors and systems. Furthermore, a large online survey was conducted by means of the semantic differential technique to determine the connotation of sustainable development. It revealed several interesting results, one of which was that the connotation differs with the degree of familiarity with the concept.

Connotation and evaluating indicator system of rural residential land consolidation potentiality

Abstract: How to reasonably analyze rural residential land consolidation potentiality is necessary for the land consolidation planning and land consolidation projectBased on research achievements of land consolidation potentiality both home and abroad,the connotation and the resources of rural residential land consolidation potentiality are discussedThe evaluating indicator system of rural residential land consolidation potentiality was built respectively from natural potentiality and realistic potentialityThe natural potentiality indicators are selected based on the potentiality of extending land use space and improving rural environmentThe realistic potentiality indicators are selected according to location,development of economy,period of building house and reserved resource quantityMoreover,quantitative method is used to each indicator according to its connotation

The Theory of Sub-health in the Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine

Abstract: the Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine is the earlist medical works in the world which puts forward the theory of sub-health.The idea of "treating before illness" in it embodies nowadays sub-health theory.This paper smmarizes comprehensively and systematically about the connotation,causes,appearances and prevention and cure which is the foundation for of fsprings' research on sub-health.

The Analyzes to Basic Integrant Part Of The Soccerfan Culture's Connotation

Abstract: Along with sports development,and social politics,economical,cultural vicissitude,it that the soccerfan is one kind of social culture phenomenon receives people's universal attention.The soccerfan culture's connotation also rich and development with the enhancement of the theory and the feedback of the sports practice.This text regards sociology,culture as thse theories to rely on.Through analyzing the reality and theory meaning of constructing soccerfan culture,the purpose is that inquiring about basic integrant part of the soccerfan culture's connotation,and riching the theory system of the soccerfan culture.

A Study on the Concept of Ecotourism

Abstract: Through an all-round analysis of the proposition of ecotourism and the present research both at home and abroad,the paper sums up the existing concept of ecotourism into five theories,ie,"theory of protective center","theory of benefit to inhabitants","theory of return to nature","theory of responsibility" and "theory of primitive wilderness"The paper makes an in-depth analysis of these theories respectivelyThe authors elaborate the true connotation of ecotourism and put forward the concept of market-operated ecotourism from the background that gives birth to ecotourism,market of ecotourism,resources of ecotourism,motivation of ecotourism and the purpose of travel

Comparisons, cultures, contexts

Abstract: The article by Clemens Tesch-Romer and Hans-Joachim von Kondratowitz is an educated and timely contribution to the discussion on the comparative ageing research. The authors really hit upon the right thing, explicating the rather weak theoretical thinking and analyzing the crucial steps of comparative research. The paper is rich and inspiring, and hopefully invites many colleagues to continue the discussion. My comments will oVer no solutions to the problems posed in the article, rather, my few remarks are likely to add to the complexity of these questions. In this paper, “comparative” refers to comparisons between countries or cultures. Comparisons, however, are a standard method in social science, and there are few empirical studies that do not include comparisons between age groups, genders, rural and urban environments etc. To what extent and how, then, are comparisons between countries or cultures diVerent from these, or is there any fundamental diVerence at all? Researchers in gender studies have criticized the non-reXective use of gender, or sex, as a technical, seemingly neutral category, that neglects the substantial qualitative diVerences between being a man and being a woman. It may not be unfair to say that the same criticism applies also to many comparisons between countries. Tesch-Romer and von Kondratowitz point out that it is often unclear whether the name of the country represents a geographically conWned state with speciWc legal structure, a nation, a society, or a culture. In comparative studies, these choices are almost never explicitly discussed. If “country” is a relevant denominator in studies where common legislative and societal structures are important, such as in studies of health and social services, it may not be as relevant in studies that focus on values or subjective experiences; these may vary according to area or sub-culture group more than from one country to another. The notion of “culture”, then, can refer to practices of thought, interpretations and beliefs in a working place or care unit as well as in a country or in a religious group. Apparently, it should be the nature of the research question and the object of the study that is important when the level of comparisons is decided, and this choice is not always easy. The cultural or linguistic turn in social science, particularly sociology (Hall 1997), has contributed to the understanding of “culture” as something that not only inXuences the thoughts and behaviors of people living in it, but is also continuously modiWed and reconstructed by these people. This line of thinking also draws our attention to the cultural contextuality not only of the phenomena that our concepts describe, but also of these concepts themselves. From this perspective, it would be hard to imagine a “standard of comparison which is valid in all cultures and societies” (Tesch-Romer and von Kondratowitz 2006, p. 164). A radically “cultural” position may lead to a situation where are all cross-cultural comparisons are irrelevant and impossible. In a less-extreme form the challenge of cultural studies invites researchers to reXective thinking and careful consideration on their concepts and basic assumptions. In the paper, the authors present a detailed and useful discussion about diVerent types of equivalency. They describe how the problems of transferring a question from one context to another reach far beyond translating the words in the questionnaire from one language to another. The linguists make a diVerence between denotation, referring to the literal meaning of a word, and connotation, referring to a deeper cultural meaning of the word. These may include dimensions such as the contexts where the M. Jylha (&) University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland e-mail: marja.jylha@uta.W

Translators and Translation Studies: Scholars as Inoculators of Resistance

Abstract: The present article examines the role of translation studies in mediating the hegemonic ideology of the New Consumerism, of which advertising is a pivotal mouthpiece. The TS-inspired perspective proposed here draws on green activism, psychology and race and feminist studies, and makes particular use of semiotics as a tool of analysis. The critical method adopted throughout consists of a series of three inoculations (Sagarin et al. 2002) of increased complexity, which seek to raise awareness, principally among translation scholars themselves, with respect to their potential role in exposing and contesting some of the ethically negative aspects of advertising today. Stage one of inoculation draws on a basic understanding of Saussure’s approach to the sign; stage two complements the previous inoculation with Barthian concepts of denotation and connotation; stage three focuses on intertextuality’s systemic, social and subjective nuances. It is argued here that resisting the New Consumerism will benefi...

The Cultivation of Students' Autonomous Learning Ability

Abstract: The connotation of autonomous learning and the significance of cultivating students' autonomous learning ability are presented.It is pointed out that autonomous learning is an important learning method.Ways to cultivate students' autonomous learning ability are suggested.

Languages for Metadata

Abstract: The term meta origins from the Greek word µ∈τα, meaning after. The word Metaphysics is the title of Aristotle’s book coming after his book on nature called Physics. This has given meta the modern connotation of a nature of a higher order or of a more fundamental kind [1]. Literally, metadata is “data about data”. It can be any descriptive information about other data sources that is used to aid the organization, identification, representation, localization, interoperability, management, and use of the data [1, 14, 17].

Study on the Connotation and Evaluation Index System of Resource-efficient Society

Abstract: It is of great importance to build an evaluation index system for the construction of resource-efficient society. With fully understanding connotation of resource-efficient society, in this paper, the concept and connotation of resource-efficient society was explained. An evaluation index system of resource-efficient society was built - the "543 index system", including five kinds of resources, four processes of resource circle utilization, three layers and 70 indexes in total. An evaluation frame of quantifying single index and synthesizing multiple index is put forward. We explore the connotation of the resource-efficient society and build an evaluation index system, thus grading the resource-efficient society can be done.

The semiosis of Swedish car colour names: Descriptive and amplifying functions

Abstract: This article deals with the different semiotic functions of complex car color names in Swedish. Based on a body of 150 authentic name types, collected from both newspapers and manufacturers’ catalogues, the study looks into the properties of these names from both a quantitative and qualitative perspective, discussing aspects such as morphological structure, information value, and status thinking as they apply to the data. The results of the analysis demonstrate that such color terminology is used to serve both descriptive and amplifying purposes, indicating that there is a complex interaction between physical and cultural aspects in the domain of car color semiosis. As a corollary of the patterns derived, it is argued that the car industry often seems to prefer connotation to denotation as its main color naming strategy.

The Evolution of Inter-organizational Relationship

Abstract: As a key resource,the inter-organizational relationship has been focused by the scholars and industrialists.But there are inconsistent realizations as to the inter-organizational relationship embedded in the enterprise.From the perspective of system and dynamics,the paper studies the basic problems of inter-organizational relationship,such as its connotation and characteristics and evolution.It provides the foundation for studying on the inter-organizational relationship embedded in the enterprise and directing the enterprise to manag the inter-organizational relationship.

Icon, index, symbol and denotation, connotation, metasign

Abstract: We discuss how Hjelmslev's denotation, connotation, and metasign could correspond to Peirce's icon, index, and symbol. Our argument is based on the application of both theories to the programming language problem of confusion as to whether a sign signifies a value, reference, or type.

Translation and Politics

Abstract: The traditional Chinese translation theory uses an author's text as the core of discussion on issues like "faithfulness,expressiveness and elegance","similarity in spirit" and "sublimation theory" etc."Fidelity" deems as the highest standard of translation and it is what all translators ultimately pursue in translation.This is quite compatible with Western traditional translation theory and it has become the main target for scholars of the contemporary cultural translation studies and the post-colonial translation theory in the west.Indeed,translation is not neutral,nor is it merely a word conversion activity that stays away from politics,ideology and conflict of interests. It is a form of culture,thinking and ideology that alters,distorts and recreates another form of culture,thinking and ideology.The paper explores,from both diachronic and synchronic angles,the issue of "politics of translation" and discloses the overt and covert political relationship that aroused from the conflict and merging of two cultures.Translation is believed to be closely connected with factors like politics,power,ideology,social environment,etc.and thereupon,widens the academic horizon in translation studies and enriches our connotation in translation theory.

[About the conception of "aging" for organic contaminants in soil].

Abstract: With the increasing time of contacting with soil particles, organic contaminants decreased their bioavailability apparently, i. e., sequestrated in soil, and aging happened. Relevant studies were carried out extensively, but the conception and connotation of "aging" weren't defined clearly, inducing the discrepancy on its understanding. After summarizing the understandings of relevant researchers at home and abroad, and based on our cognition on bioavailability, the conception and meaning of "aging" for organic contaminants in soil were expounded explicitly, with the other conceptions distinguished, which would be helpful to the studies related, and to those of the environmental chemical behaviors and bioremediation of organic contaminants in soil.

Conception of Flexible Port and Its Connotation

Abstract: Modern port development characters such as cooperation and competition,regionalization,lean and agility are analyzed,the conception of flexible port is proposed and the details of its connotation is studied.Flexible port is a port that can have a quick response to the changes of transportation markets, provide agile diverse service of high-quality and promote seamless link in supply chains.The connotation of flexible port can be understood in the three layers,i.e.strategic flexibility,structural flexibility and operational flexibility.The every layer as a component in the whole flexibility system responds to market change individually,interrelates and interacts each other.The suggestion is given that in the process of establishing flexible development strategy ports should start from flexibility connotation to analyze market environment,to study positioning and to implement development countermeasures with a certain goal.

A genetic algorithm based on neural networks for quality evaluation of urban human settlements

Abstract: Basing on the previous research work,the paper explores the connotation of urban human settlements and sets up a model to evaluate human settlements by combining global optimization of GA(Genetic Algorithm) and local optimization of BP neural network.This model is applied to quality evaluation of main urban human settlements in China.The evaluation value indicates the current situation of urban human settlements and relative levels in china.The results show that this model for quality evaluation of urban human settlements is convenient,precise and feasible.

The Scientific Connotation and Spiritual Essence of "People-based" Concept—Thought from Studying Comrade Hu Jintao's Report at the 17th CPC National Congress

Abstract: To accurately grasp the people-based concept of scientific development, we must first scientifically understand the basic connotation of people and base. Specifically, man is different from any other living things in nature; man is "every" man within an aggregation composed of all members; man is primarily the present man, but also the past and the future man; in a class society or a society with classes, taking people as the base is virtually taking the interests of the majority people; Marx's fundamental historical materialist position and basic principle that people are the creator of history is the theoretical basis to stick to the principle of taking people as the base. Taking people as the base is the theoretical presupposition to realize sustainable development. To take people as the base, we need to clarify the position it deserves in the Marxist theoretical system. To really taking people as the base, we must carry it out in implementing Concept of Scientific Development and take it as our Party's administrative notion and demand in the new period; we must further emancipate thoughts and set up firm mass concept; we must take it as the important guiding rule to build harmonious society; we must unswervingly stick to the basic route of "one center, two basic points".

How to Select the Way and Strategy of Logistics Enterprise Service Innovation

Abstract: The paper describes the connotation and the way of innovation and logistics enterprise innovation,analyzes the competitive strategies that the logistics enterprises may select and the way and strategies of different logistics enterprise service innovation.

On the Landscape Crisis in Rural Tourism Development

Abstract: Rural tourism is the result of harmonious as well as sustainable development.With the rapid development of rural tourism,rural landscape is facing a serious crisis under the influence of a lot of factors.With the above consideration,based on the connotation analyzing to rural tourism resources and rural landscape,the latter is not the former in the simple sense and there was some differences and close relationships between them.In addition,this paper focuses on the show of landscape crisis in rural tourism development,founding that the root of crisis is putting the cart before the horse.At last,the related strategies of landscape management are proposed with aim to harmonize reasonably the relationships between rural tourism development and landscape construction and provide some helpful instructions.

Evaluation of Socioeconomic Adaptability of Freeway Based on DEA Model

Abstract: How to promoting the integrative development of these two systems is a significant problem.The author explained the connotation and classification of socioeconomic adaptability,and selected DEA(Data Envelopment Analysis) and C2R model as the evaluation method.This model could analyze the input index through the calculation of utilization rate.Then,an example of Liaoning province had been illustrated and the final conclusion was impersonal and logical operation on the whole.Besides,based on the calculation of utilization rate,this paper analysed the utilization of investment,compositive density and transport ability of freeway in Liaoning province.

Identification and Appraisal of Intergenericity in Judgments

Abstract: The paper defines the basic characteristics of genre on the basis of literature review.After an overview of intertextuality from different perspectives,it adopts the notion of intertextuality proposed by Fairclough,and specifies the connotation of intertextuality.The paper verifies its assumption of popularity of intergenericity in court judgments by jurisprudential analysis and case study.The purpose of the paper is not just limited to the phenomenological investigation,but for the significance of linguistic methodology in legal research.

Research on the Connotation and the Framework of Knowledge Management based on Complex Adaptive System

Abstract: Knowledge management (KM) is a newly emerging management mode, which now needs to solve its sustainable development for promoting the learning and the innovation of organizational knowledge in the complex environment. Complex adaptive system (CAS) can help to explain the complexity connotation of KM and integrate all processes of KM for making KM adapt the changeful environment. This paper explores the connotation of KM from the perspective of CAS and then proposes the suitable developing framework of KM based on CAS.lt hopes to provide the way to promote the sustainable development of KM by using the theory of CAS.

On the Necessity and Significance of Reforming and Perfecting China’s Social Management System—Part of the Research of China’s Social Management System Reform and the Development of Social Work

Abstract: In recent years, with the separation of the social realm from politics and economy into a relative independent field as well as the increasingly diversified community, social administration attracts more and more attention, and correspondingly, related studies are quietly arising. This paper examines the connotation and extension of social administration and its system, makes primary investigation of the features and laws and analyzes the necessity and significance to reform and perfect our country's social administrative system.

Review of Water Environment Capacity in China

Abstract: Through analysis of the connotation of water environment capacityin the paper,the basis on which the water environment was established for the sustainable socio-economic development and the ecosystem health was pointed out.Then the characteristics of water environment capacity from its essence were summarized.Finally this study envisaged the development trend after the review the recent methods of calculation and the strategy to improve water environment was pointed out.