Showing papers on "Coturnix published in 1972"
283 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that the avian uterus is more responsive to prostaglandins than the mammalian myometrium and thus may serve as a highly sensitive model for further studies.
55 citations
TL;DR: In blinded Japanese quail encephalic photoreception of the stimulus from long photoperiods is sufficient to induce and maintain normal gonadal function in females and in males, but the termination of sexual activity by short days is dependent on these birds having experienced long days at the time of blinding.
Abstract: In blinded Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)
encephalic photoreception of the stimulus from long photoperiods is sufficient
to induce and maintain normal gonadal function in females ( egg
laying ) and in males ( enlargement of the cloacal
gland ). However, the termination of sexual activity by short days is
dependent on these birds having experienced long days at the time of
blinding.
49 citations
TL;DR: A review of the Physiology of Coturnix (Japanese Quail) can be found in this article, with a focus on the Japanese quail and its relationship to the Japanese pigeon.
Abstract: (1972). A Review of the Physiology of Coturnix (Japanese Quail) World's Poultry Science Journal: Vol. 28, No. 4, pp. 413-429.
34 citations
TL;DR: Ultrastructural studies on the “glandular” ependyma failed to show any obvious differences between castrated, oestrogen or testosterone implanted, and sexually mature or immature quail and the possibility that the tanycyte-vascular system may have a neuroendocrine role is discussed.
Abstract: A well developed system of ependymal glial cells with long basilar processes stretching to the surface of the brain (tanycytes, Horstmann, 1954) has been described in the basal hypothalamus of Coturnix quail. The tanycytes both in the median eminence and the ventro-lateral hypothalamus form a link between the third ventricle and the hypophysial circulation. The processes of the ventro-lateral tanycytes terminate in the region of the infundibular sulcus in apposition to a loose network of vessels which are continuous with the primary plexus of the hypophysial portal system.
27 citations
TL;DR: The average thickness of the shells from 75 unincubated coturnix quail eggs was found to be 0.193 mm, which was 7.3 percent greater than the average thickness from 60 fully incubated eggs from the same hens.
27 citations
TL;DR: Results of these experiments show that a minimum daily intake of 4.71 gm.
25 citations
TL;DR: Twenty female quail were housed in continuous dark for 8 weeks and injected daily with estrogen, estrogen plus progesterone, or oil for 8 days and tested for copulatory behavior on Days 3, 5, and 7 after the first injection, finding that hormone-treated females permitted fewer successful copulations than untreated egg-laying females.
24 citations
TL;DR: During development, fertile Japanese quail eggs show some increase in resistance to cooling and mean thyroid follicle cell height and total thyroidal iodine increase rapidly, until shortly before hatching, but both return to former levels on the day of hatching.
15 citations
15 citations
TL;DR: Day-old turkey poults were obtained from a commercial hatchery which hatched eggs from a particular flock of breeders that produced a considerable number of culls and showed symptoms almost classical for polyneuritis.
TL;DR: Magnesium requirement of coturnix may be met by a level of 150 mg./kg. in the diet or about 50 mg./liter in drinking water for survival as well as growth for survival and growth.
TL;DR: The results indicate that birds fed low levels of vitamin A had the highest incidence of coronary atherosclerosis and most severe aortic Atherosclerosis in growing quail chicks.
TL;DR: A crooked neck condition in Japanese quail in which affected birds did not deviate phenotypically from normal ones until six to seven days post hatch and which appeared in both sexes was shown to be inherited.
TL;DR: Respiratory activity and total lipid content were measured on whole blood samples obtained from 4-week-old sexually immature Japanese quail of both sexes and the addition of glucose to the blood samples did not alter the respiratory activity.
Abstract: 1. 1. Respiratory activity and total lipid content were measured on whole blood samples obtained from 4-week-old sexually immature Japanese quail of both sexes. 2. 2. For the combined group of males and females, the mean oxygen consumption of the blood of control quail was 164 μl/ml per hr, stilboestrol-treated birds 118 and testosterone-treated birds 174. 3. 3. Blood lipid levels were 1·89 g/100 ml in control, 1·42 in stilboestrol-treated and 1·92 in testosterone-treated quail. 4. 4. The addition of glucose to the blood samples did not alter the respiratory activity.
TL;DR: Egg shell parameters of two selected Coturnix lines and their respective controls were investigated and egg shell characteristics of the four lines were found to be similar.
TL;DR: The increase in heart rate at 38°C following atropine injection and subsequent bilateral vagotomy indicated that the decrease inheart rate is the result of an increase in vagal tone and that both efferent and afferent vagi are involved in the decreased heart rate.
Abstract: Measurements of heart rate, respiratory rate, surface temperature (Ts) and rectal temperature (Tre) of mature Coturnix quail were continuously recorded for 30 min at 25° and 38°C environmental temperatures. Ts and Tre increased to a maximum level within 16 and 20 min after exposure to the 38°C environment. Thermal panting was initiated after a 1.3°C rise in rectal temperature and 12 min of exposure to 38°C. Heart rate decreased consistently during the first 20 min at 38°C, then remained at the decreased level. The increase in heart rate at 38°C following atropine injection (0.1 mg/100 g body weight) and subsequent bilateral vagotomy indicated that the decrease in heart rate is the result of an increase in vagal tone and that both efferent and afferent vagi are involved in the decreased heart rate.
01 Jan 1972
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Investigations of Coturnix released in Arkansas yielded information on its survival, habitat, and social behavior in the new environment, which could be useful in evaluating the potentialities of CotURNix in connection with possible future attempted introduction.
Abstract: Although Coturnix introductions failed in the late 1950's, itwas learned in Arkansas that birds survived longest after autumn releases especially where fallow fields were numerous, that Coturnix favored grasslands whereas the bobwhite preferred shrublands, and that Coturnix occurred singly, pairing only in the breeding season. INTRODUCTION Dry years and intensification of agriculture in the early 1950's seemed to reduce considerably the lush grassy shrublands preferred by the bobwhite (Colinus virginianus). Thus many states tried massive introductions of the exotic Coturnix quail (Corturnix coturnix japonica) in the late 1950's in hope of providing a game bird that would occupy impoverished open upland habitats (Cottam and Stanford, 1958; Stanford, 1957, 1958; Wetherbee, 1961). These introductions were unsuccessful (Cottam and Stanford, 1958). Nevertheless, investigations of Coturnix released in Arkansas yielded information on its survival, habitat, and social behavior in the new environment. These findings could be useful in evaluating the potentialities of Coturnix in connection with possible future attempted introduction. RELEASES A total of 1,633 yearling Coturnix raised in captivity for the Missouri Conservation Commission (Stanford, 1957) were liberated in five releases in each of three study areas in northwestern Arkansas during 1957 and 1958 (Table I).The areas ranged from 1 to 4 sq mi. Nearly equal numbers of both sexes were released. The birds dispersed slowly from opened carrying cartons placed on the ground. Often they crouched motionlessly, commonly in small groups, a short distance from the cartons and even could be touched by the investigators before moving. Yet the exodus from the vicinity ofthe release site nearly was complete the next day. The Osage Springs and Robinson Farm study areas, both in central Benton County, appeared to have prime bobwhite habitat consisting of a very diverse mixture of pastures, cultivated fields, many grassy and shrubby old fields, and scattered small woodlands. The proportion of fallow grassy-shrubby old fields was much greater at Osage Springs than at Robinson Farm. The Wedington study area innorthern Washington County seemingly was poor bobwhite habitat. There were vast unbroken woodlands and most of the open land was utilized agriculturally, primarily as pasture. SURVIVAL Afterall releases except one, the feral Coturnix populations persisted only one or two weeks. Both the Coturnix and bobwhite population levels, determined by using one to three bird dogs withone to five investigators approximately every five days, are shown in Table IIfor the first four releases. After the fifth release in February, done only at Robinson Farm and Wedington, four censuses yielded nine Coturnix and one bobwhite, all at Robinson Farm. The Coturnix disappeared after nine days. Population levels represented bynumbers ofbirds per census (Table II)were not significantly different among study areas in either quail (X 2 test, 1 d.f., a=0.05). This finding suggests that all three areas actually were similar in quail-habitat quality. Duration of occupancy also can reflect habitat favorability. Summing allCoturnix releases shows that the total duration of occupancy was 113 days at Osage Springs, 49 at Robinson Farm, and 74 days at the Wedington study area. The long survival at Osage Springs was significantly different from that at the other two areas (X 2 = 12.64 and 4.07, 1 d.f., a = 0.05), but the longest survivals at Robinson Farm and Wedington did not differ significantly (X 2 = 2.54). Apparently conditions were best forCoturnix at Osage Springs, the area with the greatest proportion of overgrown fields. Fall and early winter were best for Coturnix introductions as the birds remained longest then, even persisting 100 days at Osage Springs (Table II).Regardless ofthe length of occupancy signs of mortality were unexpectedly few, particularly Table I.Releases ofCoturnix QuailinNorthwestern Arkansas in1957 and 1958 27 Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 26 [1972], Art. 9 Published by Arkansas Academy of Science, 1972 considering the initialtameness. Only 48 instances ofpredation were found,representing merely 3% ofthe total releases. Thus, the small resulting populations apparently were the few birds remaining after widespread dispersal elsewhere, a well documented phenomenon in banded Coturnix (Cottam and Stanford, 1958; Jacobs et al., 1959). HABITAT Birds as closely related as Coturnix and the bobwhite probably would compete for the same food ifthey were present in the same vegetational habitat. The desirability of introducing Coturnix thus depends on its not occupying prime Table II.Census Results for Coturnix and Bobwhite After First Four Releases of Coturnix Combined 3 Releases November in Apriland July Release Total Total Birds Total Total Birds Days Birds Per Days Birds Per Present 1 Counted Census 2 Present Counted Census 2 COTURNIX Osage Springs 13 28 7.0 100 35 2.1 Robinson Farm 12 20 6.7 37 13 2.6 Wedington 39 40 6.7 35 17 2.1 BOBWHITE Osage Springs * 39 4.9 * 31 2.1 Robinson Farm * 43 6.1 * 51 7.3 Wedington , 23 2.1 * 31 3.1 'The figures in this column are the cumulative sums for three releases. Thus the duration ofoccupancy after each release was less than these totals. 2 Based on the number ofcensuses through the last occurrence ofCoturnix in each area, but based on all censuses in each area with respect to the bobwhite. * The indigenous bobwhite was present throughout the study.