Showing papers on "Dehydrogenation published in 1972"
Esso1
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of adding copper to nickel was investigated for the hydrogenolysis of ethane to methane and the dehydrogenation of cyclohexane to benzene over a series of copper-nickel alloys.
585 citations
76 citations
TL;DR: Although the catalytic properties of gold are surpassed by those of the Group VIII metals, especially palladium and platinum, possible applications of gold in catalytic processes have been widely studied, more especially for oxidative dehydrogenation.
Abstract: Although the catalytic properties of gold are surpassed by those of the Group VIII metals, especially palladium and platinum, possible applications of gold in catalytic processes have been widely studied, more especially for oxidative dehydrogenation. Alloys and mixtures of gold with the platinum group metals are also receiving increased attention, and the developments outlined here indicate a number of potential uses.
66 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a series of chromia-alumina solid solutions were used to study the catalytic activity and stability to deactivation of isobutane to isobutanene.
58 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the selectivity of 2-octanol reaction by dehydration to octenes vs. dehydrogenation to octanone has been determined for thorium oxide prepared by well-defined and reproducible procedures.
44 citations
40 citations
Patent•
27 Dec 1972TL;DR: In this article, a vapor phase hydrogenolysis-dehydrogenation process is described, in which normally-liquid oxygenated products comprising sec-butanol and secbutyl acetate are contacted with a solid catalyst comprising the oxides of chromium, of manganese, and of zinc and/or of nickel to produce methyl ethyl ketone.
Abstract: A vapor-phase hydrogenolysis-dehydrogenation process in which normally-liquid oxygenated products comprising sec-butanol and sec-butyl acetate are contacted with a solid catalyst comprising the oxides of chromium, of manganese, and of zinc and/or of nickel to produce methyl ethyl ketone.
38 citations
37 citations
36 citations
TL;DR: The reaction of tetracyanodiamineiron(II) species with oxidizing agents yields transient iron(III) species which undergo metal-ion-assisted oxidative dehydrogenation of the amine ligand.
Abstract: The reaction of tetracyanodiamineiron(II) species with oxidizing agents yields transient iron(III) species which undergo metal-ion-assisted oxidative dehydrogenation of the amine ligand.
33 citations
01 Jan 1972
TL;DR: In this article, the aim of these researches on dehydrogenation reactions is not confined to the solution of technological problems, however, and the results have allowed important contributions to some aspects of the theory of heterogeneous catalysis to be obtained.
Abstract: Reactions involving hydrogenation and dehydrogenation are employed particularly in the petrochemical industry. Among these the dehydrogenation of butane over chromia-alumina catalysts plays an important role, because it represents the most important process for obtaining butenes and butadiene. Due to their practical interest, such processes have been the object of extensive investigations. The aim of these researches on dehydrogenation reactions is not confined to the solution of technological problems, however, and the results have allowed important contributions to some aspects of the theory of heterogeneous catalysis to be obtained.
Patent•
20 Sep 1972
TL;DR: In this article, the synthesis of styrene from ethylbenzene is described by using a mixture of a first dehydrogenation catalyst, a second oxidization catalyst, and an oxygen and an oxidation catalyst.
Abstract: Styrene is produced from ethylbenzene by contacting the ethylbenzene with a first dehydrogenation catalyst, contacting the resulting product with oxygen and an oxidation catalyst, and contacting the resulting product with a second dehydrogenation catalyst.
TL;DR: In this article, the reaction of primary alkanols to reduced nickel oxide and other transition metal oxides and metals in the presence of a flow of hydrogen in a micropulse reactor was investigated.
Patent•
13 Dec 1972TL;DR: In this paper, a new catalyst containing a carrier, platinum, iridium, manganese and optionally halogen, was proposed for reforming and dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons.
Abstract: New catalyst containing a carrier, platinum, iridium, manganese and optionally halogen. This catalyst is useful for reforming and dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons.
Patent•
10 Apr 1972TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the oxidative dehydrogenation of butane to 1,3-butadiene using a calcined catalyst containing a ferrous group metal, e.g., nickel, together with phosphorus, at least one Group IIa metal and oxygen.
Abstract: Organic compounds are dehydrogenated to compounds having a higher degree of unsaturation by contacting the feedstock in the vapor phase at an elevated temperature in the presence of an oxygen-containing gas with a calcined catalyst containing a ferrous group metal, e.g., nickel, in combination with phosphorus, at least one Group IIa metal and oxygen. Representative of such conversions is the oxidative dehydrogenation of butane to 1,3-butadiene. The conversion products are valuable compounds particularly useful as intermediates for the preparation of polymeric materials such as synthetic rubbers and the like.
Patent•
21 Apr 1972TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the oxidative dehydrogenation of butane to butenes, isopentane to isoamylenes and isoprene, and butenes to butadiene.
Abstract: Organic compounds are dehydrogenated to compounds having a higher degree of unsaturation by contacting the feedstock in the vapor phase in the presence of an oxygen-containing gas with a catalyst comprising at least one of nickel, cobalt or iron in association with tin and phosphorus. Representative of such conversions is the oxidative dehydrogenation of butane to butenes and butadiene, isopentane to isoamylenes and isoprene, and butenes to butadiene. The conversion products are valuable compounds particularly useful as intermediates for the preparation of polymeric materials such as synthetic rubbers and the like.
Patent•
01 Jun 1972
TL;DR: In this paper, a specific example of the disclosed method is a method for dehydrogenating a dehydrogenatable hydrocarbon comprising contacting the hydrocarbon at dehydrogenation conditions with a catalyst comprising a combination of catalytically effective amounts of a platinum component, a germanium or tin component, an arsenic component and an alkali or alkaline earth metallic component with an alumina carrier material.
Abstract: Dehydrogenatable hydrocarbons are dehydrogenated by contacting them at dehydrogenation conditions with a catalytic composite comprising a combination of catalytically effective amounts of a platinum group component, a Group IVA metallic component, a Group VA metallic component and an alkali or alkaline earth metallic component with an alumina carrier material. A specific example of the disclosed method is a method for dehydrogenating a dehydrogenatable hydrocarbon comprising contacting the hydrocarbon at dehydrogenation conditions with a catalyst comprising a combination of catalytically effective amounts of a platinum component, a germanium or tin component, an arsenic component and an alkali or alkaline earth metallic component with an alumina carrier material. Disclosed method is particularly useful for the dehydrogenation of long chain normal paraffins to produce normal mono-olefins of the same carbon number.
Patent•
05 Apr 1972TL;DR: In this article, a process for the OXIDDEHYDROGENATION of a dehydrogenation HYDROCARBON FEEDSTOCK was described.
Abstract: 1. IN A PROCESS FOR THE OXIDATIVE DEHYDROGENATION OF A DEHYDROGENATION HYDROCARBON FEEDSTOCK HAVING 3 TO 10 CARBON ATOMS PER MOLECULE IN THE PRESENCE OF AN OXIDATIVE DEHYDROGENATION CATALYST CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF LI, SN, P AND O, THE IMPROVEMENT WHICH COMPRISES EFFECTING SAID DEHYDROGENATION IN THE PRESENCE OF ABOUT 1 TO ABOUT 20,000 P.PM., BASED ON WEIGHT OF FEEDSTOCK, OF CARBON DISULFITE.
Patent•
07 Aug 1972
TL;DR: In this article, a method for the production of mono-and diolefinic hydrocarbons by subjecting paraffin-based paraffinic polycarbonates to catalytic oxidative dehydrogenation at 400 DEG to 700 DEG was proposed.
Abstract: A method for the production of mono- and diolefinic hydrocarbons by subjecting paraffinic hydrocarbons to catalytic oxidative dehydrogenation at 400 DEG to 700 DEG in the presence of a catalyst comprising oxygen-containing compounds of molybdenum and magnesium taken in a molybdenum/magnesium atomic ratio of 1:0.9 to 1:357, optional components of said catalyst being oxygen-containing compounds of cobalt, iron, chromium, vanadium, nickel, silicon, antimony, boron, gadolinium, dysprosium, gallium, bismuth, titanium, zirconium or niobium.
TL;DR: In this article, the C11-alkylbenzene products from the dehydrogenation of n-undecane were identified on the basis of relations between the structure and retention indices using the linear correlations of free energies found for C8-C10 methyl- and ethyl-monoalkyl-benzenes separated on a squalane capillary column.
TL;DR: The chelate olefin complex RhCl(o-Ph2P·C6H4·CH:CH·C 6H 4·PPh2-o) is formed by dehydrogenation of 2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)bibenzyl as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The chelate olefin complex RhCl(o-Ph2P·C6H4·CH:CH·C6H4·PPh2-o) is formed by dehydrogenation of 2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)bibenzyl, o-Ph2P·C6H4·CH2·CH2·C6H4·PPh2-o, in the presence of RhI or RhIII compounds, and is shown to be essentially square planar by X-ray structural analysis; four- and five-co-ordinate iridium(I) complexes are also formed by the tridenate olefinic ligand.
TL;DR: In this article, the catalytic activity of the γ-alumina surface has been investigated using infra-red spectroscopy and interpreted in terms of strong and weak Bronsted-acid sites and Lewis acid sites.
Abstract: The catalytic activity of the γ-alumina surface has been investigated using infra-red spectroscopy and interpreted in terms of strong and weak Bronsted-acid sites and Lewis-acid sites. Doping of the γ-alumina with NaOH was used to eliminate Bronsted-acid sites. The influence of the two types of sites upon catalytic activity and selectivity was shown with studies of the simultaneous dehydration and dehydrogenation of 3-pentanol on pure γ-alumina or on several doped aluminas of varying NaOH content. Although the fractional activity of the weak Bronsted-acid sites is greater than that for the Lewis-acid sites, the differences in catalytic behaviour are considerably larger and are attributed to reduced accessibility of the Lewis-acid sites. The selectivity exhibited towards the two reactions was shifted from dehydration to dehydrogenation by eliminating Bronsted-acid sites.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used a rectangular duct-type reactor containing liquid indium catalyst for the dehydrogenation of sec-butyl alcohol, which was found to obey a Langmuir-type rate equation, W = k 1 0 ϱ A (1 + K A P A ), which indicates that the surface unimolecular decomposition will be the rate controlling step.
TL;DR: Lead tetra-acetate reacts in one or more of several ways with substituted hydroxylamines, depending on their structures as discussed by the authors, i.e., formation of a 1,3-dipolar compound (NN-dibenzylhydroxylamine), oxidative rearrangement (e.g. O-benzylhydroxyl-Obenzoyl-BH), and dehydrogenation, e.g., isoxazolidine.
Abstract: Lead tetra-acetate reacts in one or more of several ways with substituted hydroxylamines, depending on their structures. These are: formation of a 1,3-dipolar compound (NN-dibenzylhydroxylamine), oxidative rearrangement (e.g. O-benzylhydroxylamine), oxidative dimerisation (e.g. N-benzoyl-O-benzylhydroxylamine), and dehydrogenation (e.g. isoxazolidine).
Patent•
14 Sep 1972
TL;DR: In this paper, a process for preparing a catalyst for the dehydrogenation of ALKYL AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS to VINYL AROMatic HYDROBS is described.
Abstract: 1. IN A PROCESS FOR PREPARING A CATALYST FOR THE DEHYDROGENATION OF ALKYL AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS TO VINYL AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS BY PREPARING A PASTE CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF FE2O3, CR2O3 OR AN ALKALI METAL CHROMATE OR DICHROMATE DECOMPOSIBLE TO CR2O3, AN ALKALI METAL OXIDE OR AN ALKALI METAL SALT DECOMPOSIBLE TO AN ALKALI METAL OXIDE, A BINDER AND SUFFICIENT WATER TO FORM SAID PASTE, FORMING SAID PASTE INTO PELLETS AND CALCINING SAID PELLETS INTO A FINISHED CATALYST, THE IMPROVEMENT WHICH COMPRISES EMPLOYING AS THE FE2O3 COMPONENT A MIXTURE OF HYDRATED FE2O3 AND ANHYDROUS FE2O3 WHEREIN THE HYDRATED FE2O3 IS PRESENT IN THE RANGE OF FROM ABOUT 79 PERCENT TO ABOUT 95 PERCENT OF THE TOTAL WEIGHT OF IRON OXIDES PRESENT.
Patent•
07 Sep 1972
TL;DR: In this article, an improved method of separating styrene monomer product and unreacted ethylbenzene from the effluent produced in the dehydrogenation of EBN to styrene is presented.
Abstract: An improved method of separating styrene monomer product and unreacted ethylbenzene from the effluent produced in the dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to styrene. The separation is effected by distillation under moderate reduced pressure and in the presence of added styrene tar residue. The added styrene tar residue increases the relative volatility between ethylbenzene and styrene monomer and depresses polymerization of styrene monomer during the distillation.
TL;DR: In this paper, cyclohexane solutions of [2.2]metacyclophane in the presence of iodine were shown to yield 4,5,9,10-tetrahydropyrene as the initial product.
Abstract: Irradiation of cyclohexane solutions of [2.2]metacyclophane in the presence of iodine is shown to yield 4,5,-9,10-tetrahydropyrene as the initial product. In order to clarify the mechanism of the c...