Showing papers on "Diffuser (sewage) published in 2013"

Ultra-high speed anisotropic reactive ion etching

Abstract: A system and method for reactive ion etching (RIE) system of a material is provided. The system includes a plasma chamber comprising a plasma source and a gas inlet, a diffusion chamber comprising a substrate holder for supporting a substrate with a surface comprising the material and a gas diffuser, and a source of a processing gas coupled to the gas diffuser. In the system and method, at least one radical of the processing gas is reactive with the material to perform etching of the material, the gas diffuser is configured to introduce the processing gas into the processing region, and the substrate holder comprises an electrode that can be selectively biased to draw ions generated by the plasma source into the processing region to interact with the at least one processing gas to generate the at least one radical at the surface.

Cases for portable electronic devices

Abstract: A case (10) for a portable electronic device (especially for an iPhone (100) and the like) comprises a shell (12), a diffuser (40) mounted within the shell (12), and an optional transparent insert (150) with custom graphics located between a front side (14) of the shell and the diffuser (40). The diffuser (40) comprises a Perspex panel having an etched portion (44) from which light escapes. The diffuser (40) may be slid between a position in which a flash (102) of the device is unobstructed, for normal photographic use, and a position in which light (200) from the flash (102) is received on a first surface (41) of the diffuser (40), whereby it is re-directed internally before being emitted from the etched portion (44) on the opposite, second surface (43) to provide even and bright illumination of that second surface.

Multi-plenum showerhead with temperature control

Abstract: An apparatus for use with radical sources for supplying radicals during semiconductor processing operations is provided. The apparatus may include a stack of plates or components that form a faceplate assembly. The faceplate assembly may include a radical diffuser plate, a precursor delivery plate, and a thermal isolator interposed between the radical diffuser plate and the precursor delivery plate. The faceplate assembly may have a pattern of radical through-holes with centerlines substantially perpendicular to the radical diffuser plate. The thermal isolator may be configured to regulate heat flow between the radical diffuser plate and the precursor delivery plate.

A method for optimizing the cosine response of solar UV diffusers

Abstract: [1] Instruments measuring global solar ultraviolet (UV) irradiance at the surface of the Earth need to collect radiation from the entire hemisphere. Entrance optics with angular response as close as possible to the ideal cosine response are necessary to perform these measurements accurately. Typically, the cosine response is obtained using a transmitting diffuser. We have developed an efficient method based on a Monte Carlo algorithm to simulate radiation transport in the solar UV diffuser assembly. The algorithm takes into account propagation, absorption, and scattering of the radiation inside the diffuser material. The effects of the inner sidewalls of the diffuser housing, the shadow ring, and the protective weather dome are also accounted for. The software implementation of the algorithm is highly optimized: a simulation of 109 photons takes approximately 10 to 15 min to complete on a typical high-end PC. The results of the simulations agree well with the measured angular responses, indicating that the algorithm can be used to guide the diffuser design process. Cost savings can be obtained when simulations are carried out before diffuser fabrication as compared to a purely trial-and-error-based diffuser optimization. The algorithm was used to optimize two types of detectors, one with a planar diffuser and the other with a spherically shaped diffuser. The integrated cosine errors—which indicate the relative measurement error caused by the nonideal angular response under isotropic sky radiance—of these two detectors were calculated to be f2=1.4% and 0.66%, respectively.

Wastewater treatment device, wastewater treatment method, wastewater treatment system, control device, control method, and program

Abstract: In the present invention, when performing biological treatment of water to treat flowing within a plurality of aerobic tanks (2a-2d) configuring a reaction tank (2), the water to treat is aerated by air diffusers (6a-6d). A nitrate meter (7) is provided at the inflow side of aerobic tank (2c), which is at the desired position along the flow of water to treat in the reaction tank (2), and the nitrate concentration is measured. An ammonia meter (11) is provided at the vicinity of the outflow side of the reaction tank (2), and the ammonia concentration is measured. On the basis of the value of the ammonia concentration and the nitrate concentration, in a manner so that the nitrate concentration and the ammonia concentration both fall within respective predetermined ranges, the control unit (9) supplies a control signal to each gas supply amount control unit (10a-10d) to control the amount of supplied gas to the water to treat from the air diffusers (6a-6d) for each air diffuser (6a-6d) or in a batch manner for the air diffusers (6a-6d).

Experimental study of centrifugal compressor tip clearance and vaneless diffuser flow fields

Abstract: Three vaneless diffuser designs, varying in diffuser width, for centrifugal compressor were studied experimentally. Along with the diffuser width, the tip clearance was altered. The compressor over...

Electrostatic chuck with concentric cooling base

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure generally provide apparatus and method for cooling a substrate support in a uniform manner. One embodiment of the present disclosure provides a cooling assembly for a substrate support. The cooling assembly includes a cooling base having a first side for contacting the substrate support and providing cooling to the substrate support, a diffuser disposed on a second side of the cooling base, wherein the diffuser defines a plurality of cooling paths for delivering a cooling fluid towards the cooling base in a parallel manner, and an inlet/outlet plate disposed under the diffuser, wherein the inlet/outlet plate is provides an interface between the diffuser and an inlet and outlet of a cooling fluid.

Parachute airbag diffuser

Abstract: One variation may include a product including an airbag diffuser that may be elongated and may be constructed and arranged to provide a gas catcher constructed and arranged to maintain the diffuser in an extended position when hot gases from an inflator impinge on the gas catcher.

Esc with cooling base

Abstract: An electrostatic chuck (ESC) with a cooling base for plasma processing chambers, such as a plasma etch chamber. An ESC assembly includes a 2-stage design where a heat transfer fluid inlet (supply) and heat transfer fluid outlet (return) is in a same physical plane. The 2-stage design includes an assembly of a base upon which a ceramic (e.g., AlN) is disposed. The base is disposed over a diffuser which may have hundreds of small holes over the chuck area to provide a uniform distribution of heat transfer fluid. Affixed to the diffuser is a reservoir plate which is to provide a reservoir between the diffuser and the reservoir plate that supplies fluid to the diffuser. Heat transfer fluid returned through the diffuser is passed through the reservoir plate.

Gas turbine having an exhaust gas diffuser and supporting fins

Abstract: The invention relates to a gas turbine (10) having an exhaust gas diffuser (21) connected to a turbine unit (24), wherein the gas diffuser channel (33) of the gas diffuser is delimited on the outside by a channel wall (40) and is provided with a plurality of hollow supporting fins (35) extending inward for fastening a radial bearing (51) of the gas turbine (10), wherein at least one blow-off line (47) for blow-off air comprising at least one pipeline ends at the outlet side on the exhaust gas diffuser (21) and the end of the exhaust gas diffuser on the inlet side is connected to a compressor (18) of the gas turbine (10). In order to at least partially compensate for the incorrect incident flow of the supporting fins (35), more particularly in partial load operation, it is proposed that the supporting fins (35) have a hub (48) on the inner end thereof, the axial end of said hub being provided with additional openings (49) for blowing out the blow-off air in the diffuser channel.

Attachment structure for adjustable air diffuser

Abstract: An adjustable air diffuser is disposed in an airflow channel into which a travelling wind is directed through an opening provided in a bumper face. The diffuser opens and closes the channel by movable louver blades driven by an actuator. An upper part of the diffuser is disposed to face a rear wall of the bumper face and is attached to a bumper beam extending along a vehicle width direction. A lower part of the diffuser is attached to a vehicle body structural member. The attachment structure includes a column that is disposed behind the adjustable air diffuser. A lower end of the column is attached to a lower end of the adjustable air diffuser. Weak portions are provided on the column such that the column breaks when the column interferes with another member behind the column.

Washer / disinfector having a water inlet diffuser

Abstract: A washer having a plurality of water inlet diffusers, each diffuser connected to a water inlet line for directing the flow of fluid into the washing chamber. The water is directed, i.e., sprayed against the surfaces of the washing chamber to modify (adjust) the temperature of the washing chamber gradually prior to the start of a particular phase of a washing cycle.

Gas turbine engine diffuser system for a high pressure (hp) compressor

Abstract: A gas turbine engine includes a compressor assembly that is rotationally coupled to a shaft. The engine includes a radial diffuser assembly coupled to a shroud of the compressor assembly and positioned to receive compressed air from a centrifugal impeller. The radial diffuser assembly includes a first arcuate wall and a second wall, and a near axial diffuser coupled to the radial diffuser assembly and positioned to receive the compressed air from the radial diffuser assembly. The gas turbine includes a gas seal coupled between the second wall and a wall of the near axial diffuser, the gas seal configured to prevent the compressed air from passing through the seal while allowing relative motion between the radial diffuser assembly and the near axial diffuser.

Application of Constant Rate of Velocity or Pressure Change Method to Improve Annular Jet Pump Performance

Abstract: To improve annular jet pump (AJP) performance, new ways named constant rate of velocity/pressure change method (CRVC/CRPC) were adopted to design its diffuser. The design formulas were derived according to the assumption of linear velocity/pressure variation in the diffuser. Based on the two-dimensional numerical simulations, the effect of the diffuser profile and the included angle on the pump performance and the internal flow details has been analyzed. The predicted results of the RNG k-epsilon turbulence model show a better agreement with the experiment data than that of the standard and the realizable k-epsilon turbulence models. The AJP with the CRPC diffuser produces a linear pressure increase in the CRPC diffuser as expected. The AJP with CRPC/CRVC diffuser has better performance when the diffuser included angle is greater or the diffuser length is shorter. Therefore, the AJP with CRPC/CRVC diffuser is suitable for applications requiring space limitation and weight restriction.

Industrial, germicidal, diffuser apparatus and method

Abstract: A modular, integrated, combination air purification and aroma diffuser includes a UV and catalytic oxidation germicidal cell and multiple filtrations as pre-treatment of air diffusing essential oils or other liquids as ultra-fine droplets entrained in airflow into enclosed, habitable spaces. Liquid microbicide, insecticide, fumigant, or aroma therapy is kept cleaner by eradication of microbes. Comparatively larger droplets are separated out and recycled to the reservoir after initial atomization. An electrical module, between a purifier and filters upstream and a diffuser downstream, includes a pump, a fan, and a controller for both. Staged, double-eduction, triple-separation processes include a micro-cyclone for quiet, well diffused flow of ultra-fine droplets.

Multiple-capacity centrifugal compressor and control method thereof

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a multiple-capacity centrifugal compressor, which includes a plurality of capacity-control mechanisms. Each of the capacity-control mechanisms includes an inlet guide vane and an outlet diffuser, so that the multiple-capacity centrifugal compressor provides a flexible control strategy. In addition, the present disclosure further provides a method for controlling the multiple-capacity centrifugal compressor that effectively adjusts and controls the capacity-control mechanisms by coarsely adjusting the inlet guide vanes and combined with subsequently adjusting the outlet diffusers.

Gas diffusion apparatus for liquid aeration and carbonated liquids

Abstract: A wine and spirit aerator includes a tube, a diffuser and an air pump attached to opposing ends of the tube. The aerator may include a stopper sized and shaped to be inserted into a lip of a wine or spirit bottle. The tube and diffuser can extend to the bottom of the bottle. The tube can have telescoping sections or be sized for single glass operation where the pump can be set on a structure between uses. The diffuser can be porous or sintered metal. The pump can be removed and replaced with a carbon dioxide injector to turn the aerator into a carbonated beverage preparation apparatus or a plant feeding apparatus. A method of marketing wine and spirits is also provided in which videos of same aerated by the disclosed aerators are posted to a website that offers both the aerators and the wine or spirit for purchase.

Diffuser pipe for a gas turbine engine and method for manufacturing same

Abstract: A diffuser pipe for a gas turbine engine comprises a hollow pipe body including a first end, a second end fluidly connected to the first end, and at least one flattened area proximate to the second end. A ring is connected to the second end. The ring is an outlet of the diffuser pipe. At least one stiffener is disposed on the at least one flattened area. The ring and the at least one stiffener reduce vibratory stresses at the second end of the pipe body. A method of manufacturing a diffuser pipe of a gas turbine engine is also presented.

Self-supporting wine aerators and protective covers therefore

Abstract: A liquid aerator includes (i) a porous diffuser; (ii) a stem connected to the porous diffuser; (iii) an insert connected to the stem; and (iv) a manual air pump connected sealingly to the insert, the manual air pump configured such that the aerator can be set onto a supporting structure with the stem and the porous diffuser extending upwardly from the manual air pump.

Optimization of Oxygen Transfer through Membrane Diffusers for Biological Sweetening of Biogas

Abstract: Biological techniques for the removal of gaseous pollutants such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S) have proved to be effective, environmentally friendly, and economically viable. However, when high concentrations of H2S are treated, the process is severely restricted by the oxygen deficit in the liquid phase. The oxygen transfer efficiency provided by a membrane diffuser is evaluated under typical pressure and salinity conditions used for the biological treatment of H2S in biogas. The optimal operating parameters for enhanced oxygen transfer were determined. The addition of pure oxygen with a membrane diffuser to increase the oxygen transfer rate and the use of a nonaqueous phase to improve oxygen transfer in a bioscrubber system are also evaluated.

Water pollution control systems through renewable power for lakes, ponds and stps

Abstract: We have designed and developed hybrid wind power (mechanical) aerator system interfaced with Solar Photovoltaic powered aerator system for lakes, ponds for shrimp and fish hatcheries and Sewage Treatment Plants (STPs). Wind power aerator is the device harnessing the wind power through three blades which are connected to eccentric shaft and the shaft is connected to bellows which suck the air through non return valve and deliver the pressurize air through non return valve to the diffuser through pipes suspended in the basin of lake or pond. To maintain the DO level throughout the day for lakes ponds and STPs, Solar Photovoltaic powered aerator output is synchronized with wind powered aerator. Water Suspended diffuser is attached with copper / silver electrodes for ionization to control the algae growth, pathogenic bacteria and virus to control BOD. The onsite observations and results are discussed in detail.

Aerosol actuator with removable handle and disabling device

Abstract: A diffuser cap for an aerosol actuator comprises a vessel and a valve mounted on the vessel utilizing a dome. The diffuser cap is provided with an operating pushbutton of the valve cooperating with an outlet tube from the valve. The pushbutton of the diffuser cap is provided with a channel and an aerosol diffusion outlet. The diffuser cap comprises a base configured to snap onto a crimped region of the dome and a protective unit surrounding the pushbutton. The pushbutton and the protective unit of the pushbutton are mounted in a rotary manner on the base. The diffuser cap comprises a disabling device for disabling the operation of the pushbutton operated by a relative movement of the protective unit in relation to the base.

Operation method of membrane separator, and membrane separator

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an operation method of a membrane separator, capable of effectively reducing the operation cost of the membrane separator, and the membrane separator.SOLUTION: A membrane separator 6 includes a separation membrane 60 which is immersed in water to be treated, and an air diffuser 7 arranged below the separation membrane 60, and obtains treated water penetrating the separation membrane 60 while performing air diffusion from the air diffuser 7 to the separation membrane 60. The membrane separator includes a target value setting means (computation unit) 10a for setting the target value of the air diffusion from the air diffuser 7 based on the inter-membrane differential pressure, and an air diffusion quantity control means (PID control unit) 10b for controlling the air diffuser 6 so that the air diffusion reaches the target value. The target value setting means 10a sets the change or the absolute value of the rate of change of the target value when the air diffusion quantity is increased to be the value larger than the change or the absolute value of the rate of change of the target value when the air diffusion quantity is decreased.

Welding gun with debris removal and motor cooling

Abstract: A welding gun includes a handle portion comprising a motor configured to move electrode wire through the welding gun. A diffuser comprises an interior chamber and a plurality of openings defining exit passages from the interior chamber to an exterior of the diffuser. A barrel is located between the diffuser and the handle portion and supplies to the diffuser from the handle portion. A contact tip extends from the diffuser and comprises a front portion, a rear portion, and a contact tip bore extending therethrough configured to receive the electrode wire. A diffuser insert is disposed within the interior chamber of the diffuser, including an insert bore extending therethrough configured to receive electrode wire, and an outer surface configured to direct debris from within the interior chamber of the diffuser towards exit passages to discharge the debris. The handle portion is configured to direct a flow of the shielding gas over the motor to cool the motor.

Lighting device having semiconductor light sources and a common diffusor

Abstract: Various embodiments may relate to a lighting device including a plurality of semiconductor light sources of different colors, downstream of which a common diffuser is disposed. The lighting device has at least one light sensor optically coupled to the diffuser.