Showing papers on "Earthquake resistant structures published in 2016"

Seismic Loss and Downtime Assessment of Existing Tall Steel-Framed Buildings and Strategies for Increased Resilience

Abstract: In areas of high seismicity in the United States, the design of many existing tall buildings followed guidelines that do not provide an explicit understanding of performance during major earthquakes This paper presents an assessment of the seismic performance of existing tall buildings and strategies for increased resilience for a case study city, San Francisco, where an archetype tall building is designed based on an inventory of the existing tall building stock A 40-story moment-resisting frame system is selected as a representative tall building The archetype building is rectangular in plan and represents the state of design and construction practice from the mid-1970s to the mid-1980s Nonlinear response history analysis (NLRHA) are conducted with ground motions representative of the design earthquake hazard level defined in current building codes, with explicit consideration of near-fault directivity effects Mean transient interstory drifts and story accelerations under the 10% in 50-year

Seismic Retrofit of a Three-Span RC Bridge with Buckling-Restrained Braces

Abstract: This study evaluated the potential benefits of using buckling-restrained braces (BRBs) to seismically rehabilitate straight bridges. For this purpose, a three-span RC box girder bridge was used as a case study. A three-dimensional model was developed using software to incorporate BRBs between bent columns. The BRB inelastic behavior was represented using the Menegotto–Pinto model to reproduce its isotropic and kinematic strain-hardening properties. Nonlinear time-history analyses were performed to assess the seismic performance of the BRBs and the existing RC bridge. The structure was evaluated under several performance limit states using far-field records, which were scaled to the maximum considered earthquake level at the site using an average interval scaling method. The results show that BRB components improve the seismic performance of bridges under serviceability and ultimate limit states by decreasing drifts in the bents and by reducing the steel and concrete strains of the original RC colu...

Development of deformable connection for earthquake‐resistant buildings to reduce floor accelerations and force responses

Abstract: Author(s): Tsampras, G; Sause, R; Zhang, D; Fleischman, RB; Restrepo, JI; Mar, D; Maffei, J | Abstract: This paper presents the development of a deformable connection that is used to connect each floor system of the flexible gravity load resisting system (GLRS) with the stiff lateral force resisting system (LFRS) of an earthquake-resistant building. It is shown that the deformable connection acts as a seismic response modification device, which limits the lateral forces transferred from each floor to the LFRS and allows relative motion between the GLRS and LFRS. In addition, the floor accelerations and the LFRS story shears related to the higher-mode responses are reduced. The dispersion of peak responses is also significantly reduced. Numerical simulations of the earthquake response of a 12-story reinforced concrete shear wall example building with deformable connections are used to define an approximate feasible design space for the deformable connection. The responses of the example building model with deformable connections and the example building model with rigid-elastic connections are compared. Two configurations of the deformable connection are studied. In one configuration, a buckling restrained brace is used as the limited-strength load-carrying hysteretic component of the deformable connection, and in the other configuration, a friction device is used. Low damping laminated rubber bearings are used in both configurations to ensure the out-of-plane stability of the LFRS and to provide post-elastic stiffness to the deformable connection. Important experimental results from full-scale tests of the deformable connections are presented and used to calibrate numerical models of the connections. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley a Sons, Ltd.

Design Of Earthquake Resistant Structures

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Direct Integration Algorithms for Efficient Nonlinear Seismic Response of Reinforced Concrete Highway Bridges

Abstract: Reinforced concrete (RC) highway bridges are essential lifeline structures, especially in California, which has numerous active faults at which earthquakes are common occurrences. Accurate seismic structural analysis is important to ensure their safety. The most suitable analytical simulation method for this purpose is nonlinear time-history analysis (NTHA). However, one of the main challenges for NTHA is related to the convergence of the numerical solution, which usually arises at high levels of nonlinearity. Inherent lack of high degrees of redundancy of the bridge systems and the need for their continuous functioning in the aftermath of an earthquake require accurate modeling and robust numerical solutions for the response investigation of these important structures. This paper presents solutions to the problems of convergence encountered in NTHA of RC highway bridges during the use of direct integration algorithms. The considered numerical integration algorithms include two that are explicit, ...

Semi Interlocking Masonry as Infill Wall System for Earthquake Resistant Buildings: A Review

Abstract: Masonry is one of the most popular building materials. It has many excellent material properties and proven durability. Over time, masonry structures have evolved from massive walls, which work mainly through compression, to more slender walls, which could also experience tension and shear. Earthquake-induced tensile and shear stresses often exceed the capacity of traditional unreinforced masonry resulting in substantial damage and failure. A new mortar-less masonry system called semi-interlocking masonry (SIM) is presented in this paper. It has reduced stiffness and susceptibility to damage and utilized a special method of interlocking bricks that allows relative sliding of brick courses in-plane of a wall and prevents out-of-plane relative movement of bricks. The paper reviews the research on SIM to date and identifies new research opportunities in this area.

On the Filtering Properties of Foundations of Earthquake-Resistant Buildings

Abstract: The results of full-scale experiment (M. D. Trifunak, S. S. Ivanovich, M. I. Todorovska, E. I. Novikova, and A. A. Gladkov, Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 18, No. 3, 169–187 (1999)) are discussed. The actual wave pattern in foundation bed of a sevenstory building that shows the nonuniformity of the soil properties and the displacement of the center of stiffness of the foundation, resulting in appreciable torsional oscillations, was obtained in the course of the experiment. Analysis of the experimental results will be helpful in the calculation of the earthquake-resistance of the foundations and foundation beds and monitoring their state after strong earthquakes.

Fundamental Principles for the Design of Earthquake-Resistant Structures

Abstract: This chapter provides a concise qualitative overview of the philosophy for earthquake resistant design of ordinary structures adopted by relevant international codes of practice, including Eurocode 8. The aim is to facilitate practicing engineers with the interpretation of the code-prescribed design objectives and requirements for the seismic design of ordinary reinforced concrete (r/c) building structures which allow for structural damage to occur for a nominal design seismic action specified in a probabilistic manner. In this regard, the structural properties of stiffness, strength, and ductility are introduced along with the standard capacity design rules and requirements. Further, the role of these structural properties in the seismic design of r/c building structures following a force-based approach in conjunction with equivalent linear analysis methods is explained. Emphasis is placed on delineating the concept of the behaviour factor, or force reduction factor, which regulates the intensity of the seismic design loads and ductility demands. Moreover, the development and current trends in the emerging performance-based design approach for earthquake resistance are briefly reviewed. Lastly, practical recommendations to achieve higher-than-the-minimum-required by current codes of practice structural performance within the force-based design approach are provided.

Seismic performance of steel framed water tower structures

Abstract: ......................................................................................................................................... iii Opsomming .................................................................................................................................... iv Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................................ vi Dedications ................................................................................................................................... vii Table of contents .......................................................................................................................... viii List of figures ................................................................................................................................ xii List of tables ................................................................................................................................. xvi List of symbols ............................................................................................................................ xvii List of acronyms ......................................................................................................................... xxv Chapter

Design of earthquake resistant Structures (basic theory of seismic stability)

Abstract: Design of earthquake resistant Structures (basic theory of seismic stability) , Design of earthquake resistant Structures (basic theory of seismic stability) , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی

Initial Evaluation Of Diaphragm Seismic Demand In A Half-scale Shake Table Test

Abstract: This paper presents an initial evaluation of the seismic demand for diaphragms during a shake table test of a three-story precast concrete structure. Each level of the test structure contained a different precast concrete floor construction technique: topped double tees on the lower level; topped hollow core on the middle floor; and pretopped double tees on the top floor. The diaphragms were designed and detailed according to a new design methodology developed as part of parallel research. The structure was subjected to a series of 16 strong ground motions with increasing intensity including design-basis and maximum considered earthquakes for which the diaphragms were designed. In the paper, the major diaphragm global and local response is quantified. Conclusions are drawn regarding the observed diaphragm behavior.