Showing papers on "Gentiana published in 2009"

Antimicrobial activity of Gentiana lutea L. extracts.

Abstract: Methanolic extracts of flowers and leaves of Gentiana lutea L., together with the isolated compounds mangiferin, isogentisin and gentiopicrin, were used to investigate the antimicrobial activity of the plant. A variety of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as the yeast Candida albicans has been included in this study. Both extracts and isolated compounds showed antimicrobial activity with MIC values ranging from 0.12-0.31 mg/ml. Our study indicated that the synergistic activity of the pure compounds may be responsible for the good antimicrobial effect of the extracts. Quantification of the secondary metabolites was performed using HPLC.

Genetic relationships in the genus Gentiana based on chloroplast DNA sequence data and nuclear DNA content

Abstract: Genetic relationships among 50 Gentiana accessions, comprising 36 wild species and 14 cultivars, were determined based on analysis of sequence data for the chloroplast trnL(UAA) intron, the rpl16 coding region and the rpl16-rpl14 intergenic spacer (IGS), together with nuclear DNA content as determined by flow cytometric analysis. The combined chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) data set was analyzed using both neighborjoining (NJ) and maximum parsimony (MP) methods. The NJ and the strict consensus trees were generally congruent with previous phylogenetic and taxonomic studies, whereas G. cachemirica and G. yakushimensis were classified in different sectional affinities from their prevailing classifications. Three major cpDNA haplotypes (designated A, B and C), comprising 30 accessions in the sections Pneumonanthe, Cruciata, and Kudoa (ser. Monanthae), were each distinguished by two single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the rpl16-rpl14 IGS and the rpl16 coding region. Nuclear DNA content varied from 6.47 to 11.75 pg among the taxa possessing cpDNA haplotype A. These results provide genetic information that will assist in the development of future Gentiana breeding strategies.

Brown leaf spot disease of gentian, Gentiana scabra var. buergeri (Miq.) Maxim. and its causal fungus

Abstract: リンドウの褐斑病は1984年に岡山県で発生し，葉に多数の病斑を形成し，激しい場合には全体を褐変枯死させ，その被害の激しさから問題となっている．病原菌は病葉内部から病斑上に立ち上がった菌糸より毛鞠状ないし箒状の胞子塊を形成し，その所属は未決定であった．分生子懸濁液の噴霧接種により無傷でも潜伏期間が短く，発病後の進展も速やかであることが再確認された．病原菌の形態および分生子塊形成過程は，1931年に原・小川によって設立されたケヤキ円星病菌Mycochaetophora japonicaに酷似したが，分生子の大きさ，隔壁の数などが異なり，ケヤキには病原性を示さなかったことから，同属の新種としてM. gentianae Tak. Kobay., Kasuyama et Nasuと命名記載した．

The Assesment of Two Populations of Gentiana nivalis By RAPD Markers

Abstract: The amount of genetic variation in the rare annual herb Gentiana nivalis L was determined to explore its relation to population size. We surveyed two populations of G. nivalis found in Oriental Carpathians, by RAPD markers. Four decamer primers of arbitrary sequence were used in order to asses genetic variability within and between the two populations. Our studies revealed two different levels of genetic variability within populations in relation with the grazing policies. The mean genetic distances within the population found in overgrazed grassland decreased significantly in comparison with that growing in ungrazed grassland. Therefore, this method can by successfully used to asses genetic variability within and between Gentiana populations

Advances in chemical components and pharmacology of genus Gentiana

Abstract: The recent progresses on chemical components and pharmacological activities of the genus Gentiana were summarized. The main chemical constituents of this genus are iridoids, xanthone and flavone. There were more than ninety iridoid compounds, one hundred xanthone compounds, and thirty four flavone compounds isolated up till now. And flavone compounds were obtained mainly from aerial part. The plants of this genus had broad bioactivities such as antifungal activity, anti-inflammatory activity and liver protective effect. These mentioned above would be helpful for further studies on the plants of the genus Gentiana.

Medium for long-dan tissue culture and extract thereof for supporting liver function and method for making the same

Abstract: A medium for Long-dan (Gentiana) species tissue cultures and extract thereof for supporting liver function and method for making the same are disclosed for mass propagation of Gentiana species through tissue culture, which are cultured in the tissue culture medium at certain ranges of temperature, and the whole parts of Gentiana species are subjected to be extracted by organic solvent, so as to obtain the Gentiana extract with stable quality and supporting liver function, as well as overcome the problems of unstable curative effects due to various sources, various planting temperatures, various harvesting periods, various plant parts, and so on.

Influence of Gentiana lutea L extract on blood coagulation

Abstract: The dry extract from the terrestrial parts of Gentiana Lutea was received in accordance to the developed by us general technological scheme. Study of the pharmacological influence of obtained extract on the coagulating properties of blood revealed that after its per os instillation into experimental animals the time of the formation of active thromboplastin reliably increases, while the time of thrombin and fibrinous cluster formation is shortened in comparison with those indices in the animals, that did not receive phyto-preparation, at the same time morphological appearance of the peripheral blood remains unchanged. Dry extract of terrestrial parts of Gentiana Lutea prepared in accordance to the technology recommended by us, together with widely known pharmacological effects, is characterized with new activity - influence on haemostasis. Obtained preliminary data concerning influence of the extract on coagulation of the blood request further deep studies of its mechanism. Revealed new activity of the terrestrial parts of Gentiana Lutea and the studies of the mechanism of its activity will serve in future as a basis for the recommendation of its use in new nosology. Terrestrial parts of Gentiana lutea L. are proposed as an alternative of the underground parts of the plant. Alongside with that, it is expedient to continue the studies devoted to the development of the haemostatic remedies of plant origin with systemic and local action (sponges, films, skin glues) from terrestrial parts of Gentiana lutea L.